Anatomy and Properties of Japanese Hardwoods I. Variation of Fibre Dimensions and Tissue Proportions and their Relation to Basic Density

Fujiwara, S.; Sameshima, Kazuhiko; Kuroda, Kenichi; Takamura, Norio

doi:10.1163/22941932-90000544

Cited by 35 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The global ray and axial parenchyma (RAP) dataset compiled demonstrates that RAP tissues show a 29‐fold variation in abundance, which agrees with previous reports across seed plants (Fujiwara et al ., ; Martínez‐Cabrera et al ., ; Zheng & Martínez‐Cabrera, ; Ziemińska et al ., , ). A key finding is that RAP amounts in wood, especially axial parenchyma (AP), are driven by temperature (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global analysis of parenchyma tissue fractions in secondary xylem of seed plants

et al. 2015

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Summary Parenchyma is an important tissue in secondary xylem of seed plants, with functions ranging from storage to defence and with effects on the physical and mechanical properties of wood. Currently, we lack a large‐scale quantitative analysis of ray parenchyma (RP) and axial parenchyma (AP) tissue fractions.Here, we use data from the literature on AP and RP fractions to investigate the potential relationships of climate and growth form with total ray and axial parenchyma fractions (RAP).We found a 29‐fold variation in RAP fraction, which was more strongly related to temperature than with precipitation. Stem succulents had the highest RAP values (mean ± SD: 70.2 ± 22.0%), followed by lianas (50.1 ± 16.3%), angiosperm trees and shrubs (26.3 ± 12.4%), and conifers (7.6 ± 2.6%). Differences in RAP fraction between temperate and tropical angiosperm trees (21.1 ± 7.9% vs 36.2 ± 13.4%, respectively) are due to differences in the AP fraction, which is typically three times higher in tropical than in temperate trees, but not in RP fraction.Our results illustrate that both temperature and growth form are important drivers of RAP fractions. These findings should help pave the way to better understand the various functions of RAP in plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global analysis of parenchyma tissue fractions in secondary xylem of seed plants

et al. 2015

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“…Indeed, the fiber morphological properties of wood largely determine its density [37]. Higher fiber proportion and fiber wall thickness are associated with higher wood density [38,39]. On the other hand, a high percentage of vessel proportion will yield hydraulic conductivity, which could cause higher shrinkage, and a disruption in wood structure.…”

Section: Phenotypic Correlations Between Wood Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations for Wood Properties of Hybrid Poplar Clones of Southern Quebec

Huda

Koubaa

Cloutier

et al. 2018

Forests

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This study aims to understand the phenotypic and genotypic correlations among wood anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties of hybrid poplar clones. Samples were taken from seven clones grown on three sites in Southern Quebec, Canada. Five trees per clone were randomly sampled from each site to measure anatomical (fiber length, fiber proportion, vessel proportion, fiber wall thickness, tension wood), physical (basic density, volumetric, longitudinal, tangential, and radial shrinkage), and mechanical wood properties (flexural modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), ultimate crushing strength parallel to the grain). The observed phenotypic and genotypic correlations between these wood properties were moderate to strong, except for fiber length and vessel proportion. Genotypic correlations for all wood properties were higher than for corresponding phenotypic correlations. Furthermore, fiber length showed weak correlations, whereas, vessel proportion showed strongly negative correlations with all other properties. Strong correlations were also found among fiber proportion, fiber wall thickness, basic density, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, results from this study show close genotypic and phenotypic correlations between fiber proportion, fiber wall thickness, and wood density, which consequently affect the mechanical performance of wood products. These findings indicate that there is a substantial opportunity to improve wood quality by selecting several wood properties for different end uses.

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“…Fujiwara et al 1991;McDonald et al 1995). The structure of the cell wall has a particularly important role in determining these physical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cytoskeletal basis for wood formation in angiosperm trees: the involvement of cortical microtubules

Chaffey

Barnett

Barlow

1999

Planta

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Rearrangements of cortical microtubules (CMTs) during the dierentiation of axial secondary xylem elements within taproots and shoots of Aesculus hippocastanum L. (horse-chestnut) are described. A correlative approach was employed using indirect immuno¯uorescence microscopy of a-tubulin in 6-to 10-lm sections and transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. All cell types ± ®bres, vessel elements and axial parenchyma ± derive from fusiform cambial cells which contain randomly oriented CMTs. At the early stages of development, ®bres and axial parenchyma cells possess helically arranged CMTs, which increase in number as secondary wall thickening proceeds and simple pits develop. In contrast, incipient vessel elements are distinguished by the marking out of sites of bordered pits; these sites ®rst appear as microtubule-free regions within the reticulum of randomly oriented CMTs that characterises their precursor fusiform cambial cells. Subsequently, the ring of CMTs which develops at the periphery of the microtubule-free region decreases in diameter as the over-arching pit border is formed. Like bordered pits, large-diameter, non-bordered pits (contact pits) which develop between vessel elements and adjacent contact ray cells originate as microtubule-free regions and are also associated with development of a ring of CMTs at the periphery. In the case of contact pits, however, there is no reduction in the diameter of the CMT ring during pit development. Tertiary cell wall thickenings are also a feature of vessel elements and appear to form at sites where bands of laterally associated, transversely oriented CMTs, separated from each other by microtubule-free zones, are found. Later, these bands of CMTs become narrower, and separate into pairs of microtubule bundles located on each side of the developing wall thickening. Development of perforations between vessel elements is also associated with the presence of a ring of CMTs at their periphery.

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Anatomy and Properties of Japanese Hardwoods I. Variation of Fibre Dimensions and Tissue Proportions and their Relation to Basic Density

Cited by 35 publications

References 3 publications

A global analysis of parenchyma tissue fractions in secondary xylem of seed plants

A global analysis of parenchyma tissue fractions in secondary xylem of seed plants

Phenotypic and Genotypic Correlations for Wood Properties of Hybrid Poplar Clones of Southern Quebec

A cytoskeletal basis for wood formation in angiosperm trees: the involvement of cortical microtubules

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