Anatomy and physiology of the peritoneum

Blackburn, Simon; Stanton, Michael

doi:10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2014.06.002

Cited by 69 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The parietal peritoneum covers the walls of the abdomen and pelvis, whereas the visceral peritoneum lines the coelomic organs. The space between these two layers, i.e., the peritoneal cavity, is in physiological conditions filled with a small amount (~ up to 100 ml) of fluid [ 57 ]. Under pathologic conditions (e.g., cancer), the fluid’s volume increases and its biochemical composition changes dramatically, which often correlates with poor prognosis [ 58 ].…”

Section: The Peritoneal Cavity: a Brief Look At Structure And Functiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most classic function is lubrication of both the peritoneum surfaces which allows for frictionless movements of the viscera. This property is provided by the peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), which have the constitutive ability to produce and release surfactant-like proteoglycans and phospholipids [ 57 ]. Another basic function of the peritoneum is the filtration, as the peritoneum is a semipermeable membrane for the bidirectional passage of water and dissolved particles between the blood and the peritoneal cavity [ 60 ].…”

Section: The Peritoneal Cavity: a Brief Look At Structure And Functiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The peritoneal “soil” for a cancerous “seed”: a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases

Mikuła-Pietrasik

Uruski

Tykarski

et al. 2017

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

148

136

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Various types of tumors, particularly those originating from the ovary and gastrointestinal tract, display a strong predilection for the peritoneal cavity as the site of metastasis. The intraperitoneal spread of a malignancy is orchestrated by a reciprocal interplay between invading cancer cells and resident normal peritoneal cells. In this review, we address the current state-of-art regarding colonization of the peritoneal cavity by ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic, and gastric tumors. Particular attention is paid to the pro-tumoral role of various kinds of peritoneal cells, including mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, the vascular endothelium, and hospicells. Anatomo-histological considerations on the pro-metastatic environment of the peritoneal cavity are presented in the broader context of organ-specific development of distal metastases in accordance with Paget’s “seed and soil” theory of tumorigenesis. The activity of normal peritoneal cells during pivotal elements of cancer progression, i.e., adhesion, migration, invasion, proliferation, EMT, and angiogenesis, is discussed from the perspective of well-defined general knowledge on a hospitable tumor microenvironment created by the cellular elements of reactive stroma, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts and macrophages. Finally, the paper addresses the unique features of the peritoneal cavity that predispose this body compartment to be a niche for cancer metastases, presents issues that are topics of an ongoing debate, and points to areas that still require further in-depth investigations.

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Section: The Peritoneal Cavity: a Brief Look At Structure And Functiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Peritoneal Cavity: a Brief Look At Structure And Functiomentioning

confidence: 99%

The peritoneal “soil” for a cancerous “seed”: a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases

Mikuła-Pietrasik

Uruski

Tykarski

et al. 2017

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

148

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Generally, the peritoneum is expected to have a relatively low blood vessel density; this can however be altered in response to disease [1, 11, 12]. Therefore, improved understanding of peritoneal vascularization patterns can facilitate insight into associated pathology, detection of disease, and development of new treatment strategies [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraoperative Incident Dark Field Imaging of the Human Peritoneal Microcirculation

Kastelein

Milstein

et al. 2018

J Vasc Res

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Background/Aims: This study describes the peritoneal microcirculation, compares quantitative parameters and angioarchitecture to the standard of sublingual microcirculatory assessment, and determines the practical feasibility of this method. Methods: Incident dark field imaging was performed of the peritoneum and sublingually to determine angioarchitecture, total and perfused vessel density (TVD and PVD), the proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), the microvascular flow index (MFI) and image acquisition time. Results: Peritoneal angioarchitecture was characterized by a quadrangular network of longitudinally oriented capillaries, often flanked by fat cells. Differences between peritoneal and sublingual microcirculation were observed with regard to TVD (peritoneum 12 mm/mm² [95% CI 10–14] vs. sublingual 23 mm/mm² [95% CI 21–25]; p < 0.0001), PVD (peritoneum 11 mm/mm² [95% CI 9–13] vs. sublingual 23 mm/mm² [95% CI 21–25]; p < 0.0001), PPV (peritoneum 88% [95% CI 79–97] vs. sublingual 99% [95% CI 99–100]; p = 0.014), and MFI (peritoneum 3 [IQR 2.3–3.0] vs. sublingual 3 [IQR 3.0–3.0]; p = 0.012). There was no difference in image acquisition time (peritoneum 2: 34 min [95% CI 1: 49–3: 19] vs. sublingual 2: 38 [95% CI 1: 37–3: 32]; p = 0.916). Conclusion: The peritoneal microcirculation was characterized by a low capillary density and a distinctive angioarchitecture. The possibility of peritoneal microcirculatory assessment offers promise for the study of peritoneal (patho-)physiology and (monitoring or detection of) associated diseases.

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“…). A previous report showed that peritoneal capillaries have pores which permit the passage of water, small solute particles, and proteins (Blackburn and Stanton, ). This suggests that the intraperitoneally injected erythrosine was absorbed into the peritoneal capillaries, and that the erythrosine in the blood flow was filtered by glomeruli and stained the renal tubules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time histological imaging of kidneys stained with food dyes using multiphoton microscopy

Nagao

Kimura

Wang

et al. 2015

Microscopy Res & Technique

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We have developed a real-time imaging technique for diagnosis of kidney diseases which is composed of two steps, staining renal cells safely with food dyes and optical sectioning of living renal tissue to obtain histological images by multiphoton microscopy (MPM). Here, we demonstrated that the MPM imaging with food dyes, including erythrosine and indigo carmine, could be used as fluorescent agents to visualize renal functions and structures such as glomerular bloodstreams, glomerular filtration, and morphology of glomeruli and renal tubules. We also showed that the kidneys of IgA nephropathy model-mice stained with the food dyes presented histopathological characteristics different from those observed in normal kidneys. The use of the food dyes enhances the quality of tissue images obtained by MPM and offers the potential to contribute to a clinical real-time diagnosis of kidney diseases.

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Anatomy and physiology of the peritoneum

Cited by 69 publications

References 18 publications

The peritoneal “soil” for a cancerous “seed”: a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases

The peritoneal “soil” for a cancerous “seed”: a comprehensive review of the pathogenesis of intraperitoneal cancer metastases

Intraoperative Incident Dark Field Imaging of the Human Peritoneal Microcirculation

Real‐time histological imaging of kidneys stained with food dyes using multiphoton microscopy

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