Anatomopathological aspects and the use of immunohistochemistry in slaughter pigs with cutaneous lesions of erysipelas

Abstract

Swine erysipelas is a disease of worldwide distribution, responsible for causing economic losses in swine and considered an occupational zoonotic disease. It is estimated that 30% to 50% of pigs are carriers and stress can predispose the appearance of clinical disease. The diagnosis of erysipelas in slaughter pigs becomes a challenge for pathologists, since scalding and dehairing, routine procedures in slaughterhouses, generate histological artifacts that often make the final diagnosis impossible. This study describes the anatomopathological aspects and evaluate the use of immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic tool in these cases. Forty-three cases of erysipelas in slaughter pigs were analyzed. Grossly, the cutaneous lesions were characteristic pink, red, or purple raised rhomboid, rectangular or square lesions (“diamond skin”). Histologically, in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue, there were suppurative vasculitis, hidradenitis and folliculitis, as well as degeneration and necrosis of the vessel wall, thrombosis and multifocal areas of necrosis. Suppurative vasculitis and damage to the blood vessel wall were observed in all cases, with varying degrees of severity. The immunohistochemical technique proved to be an effective complementary method of diagnosis, with positive immunostaining in 93%. In most cases, we observed mild immunostaining (57.5%), moderate in 22.5% and marked in 20%.

Erisipela suína: uma revisão

“…Nos casos crônicos da doença e/ou de amostras biológicas contaminadas, geralmente, é necessário a utilização de meio de enriquecimento seletivo para o isolamento (Harrington Jr e Hulse, 1971;Reboli e Farrar, 1992;Bender et al, 2009). Os suínos tratados com antibióticos ou afetados cronicamente são indicadas técnicas moleculares como reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) e suas variantes (Takeshi et al, 1999;Yamazaki, 2006;Bender et al, 2009;Harada et al, 2009;Pal et al, 2009;Shiraiwa et al, 2018), além de técnicas imunoenzimáticas como imuno-histoqu ímica (Opriessnig et al, 2010;Pereira et al, 2022) e imunofluorescência direta (Harrington Jr et al, 1974).…”