Anatomical  Study  Of  Sacral  Hiatus  In  Dry  Isolated  Sacra

Mayuri, Jadhav; Vijay, Ghorpade; Nikam, Vasudha R.; Gune, Anita R.; Patil, Ajinkya

doi:10.5455/jrmds.20142210

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Spina bifida occulta or cystica can be accompanied and Neurological defects can be present in such cases 14 . The median crest is formed primarily from the spinous process of the upper three to four sacral vertebrae 8 . The lamina of fifth sacral and sometimes fourth sacral vertebrae do not fuse in the midline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of Sacrum and its Variations

Vasuki¹,

Nirmaladevi²,

Hebzibah³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of Sacrum and its Variations

Vasuki¹,

Nirmaladevi²,

Hebzibah³

et al. 2016

IOSR

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“…Since 1952, caudal analgesia is practiced by anaesthetizing lumbar and sacral dermatomes in Obstetric analgesia and in low back disorders. [5] Shape of Sacral hiatus was inverted 'U' shaped 121(62%) in Qudusia Sultana [5] et al study and was about 112 (41.5%) Sacra in Nagar S.K.study [6] and was about 64(43%) Sacra in Seema [7] et al study and was about 50(42%) Sacra in Jadhav Mayuri [9] et al study and was about 44% in Suma H.Y [10] study. Followed by Inverted 'V' shaped, irregular, Dumbbell and Bifid shapes of sacral hiatus were found in above studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deficient dorsal wall (Non canalized) Sacrum was found in one Sacrum in our study. Location of apex of Sacral hiatus was at fourth Sacral vertebrae in 141 (74%) in Qudusia Sultana [5] et al study and was at S4 in 147(56%) Sacra in Nagar S.K [6] study and was at S4 in 84(56%) Sacra in Seema [7] et al study and was at S4 in 67(57%) Sacra in Jadhav Mayuri [9] et al study and was at S4 in 77.5% in Suma H.Y [10] et al study. Table 9: Distance between midpoints of base to S2 foramen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Length of Sacral hiatus was found as 11 -20 mm in 92(35%) Sacra in Nagar S.K. [6] study, 11 -20 mm in 2/3 of sacra (65%) in Seema [7] et al study, 21 -30 mm in 74(46%) Sacra in Dipali Rani Pal [8] et al study, 11-20 mm in 41(31%) in Mayuri [9] et al study. In our study, length of sacral hiatus was found to be 11-20 mm in 32(42%) Sacra which was found to be higher.…”

Section: Median Distance In Millimetrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anteroposterior diameter at the sacral hiatus was about 4-6mm in 169(64%) Sacra in Nagar S.K. [6] study, 107(71%) Sacra in Seema [7] et al study, 120(75%) Sacra in Dipali Rani Pal [8] et al study and 84(71%) Sacra in Jadhav Mayuri [9] et al study. But in our study, 0-3 mm was found as maximum Anteroposterior diameter in 35(47%) dry Sacra and anteroposterior diameter of 4-6 mm was found in 31(42%) Sacra.…”

Section: Median Distance In Millimetrementioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical Study of Sacrum and its Clinical Significance

2016

AIMDR

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Background: Sacrum is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae and forms the lower part of Vertebral column. The opening present at the lower end of sacral canal is known as sacral hiatus. Methods: This study was carried out on 75 dry human sacra of unknown sex to study the variations of sacral hiatus. Various shapes of sacral hiatus were observed which included inverted u, inverted v, irregular, dumbbell and bifid. The apex of sacral hiatus was commonly found at the level of 4th sacral vertebra. The mean length of sacral hiatus, the mean anteroposterior diameter of sacral canal was measured. The narrowing of sacral canal at the apex of sacral hiatus was measured. Results: We observed length of Sacral hiatus from apex to midpoint of base -maximum length was found to be 11 -20 mm in 32 dry sacra. Anteroposterior diameter at the sacral hiatus was found to be 0 -3 mm. in 35 dry sacra. Base (Transverse diameter) was found to be 11 -15 mm in 36 dry sacra. Median distance between the level of lower margin of S2 and apex of sacral hiatus was 21 -30 mm in 25(33%) Sacra. Distance between midpoint of Base to S2 foramen was found to be >40 mm in 52 Sacra and that accounts for 69 %. Conclusion:The knowledge of anatomical variations of sacral hiatus is clinically important for caudal epidural block in Pediatric, Obstetric, Orthopedic, Urologic and Surgical practice. The reliability and success of caudal epidural block depends upon Knowledge of Variations of Sacral hiatus.

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Thermometric and Gravimetric Analyses of Aluminum Corrosion Control in a HCl Medium, Using Ricinus Communis Extract

Onukwuli

Omotioma

Obiora-Okafo

2020

Port. Electrochim. Acta

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This work presents the thermometric and gravimetric analyses of aluminum corrosion control in a HCl medium, using Ricinus communis (castor oil) extract. The obtained plant extract was subjected to phytochemical analyses for the identification of various sample constituents. Applying the thermometric technique, reaction values for the aluminum dissolution in free and inhibited HCl media were used to determine the extract inhibition efficiency. The gravimetric method was carried out using one factor at a time, and response surface methodology. Thermodynamic parameters of activation energy, heat of adsorption and free Gibbs energy of the corrosion inhibition process were determined. Central composite design of Design Expert Software was employed in the response surface methodology. The results analysis revealed that Ricinus communis extract contained phytochemicals of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, phytates, saponins and tanins. The extract adsorption onto the aluminum surface obeyed the physical adsorption mechanism; the activation energy was lower than the threshold value of 80 kJ/mol required for chemisorption. A quadratic model adequately described the relationship between the inhibition efficiency and the inhibitor concentration, temperature and time factors. The thermometric and gravimetric techniques recorded high inhibition efficiencies of 83.93% and 82.61%, respectively, showing that the Ricinus communis extract can be employed to control aluminum corrosion in an HCl medium.

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Anatomical Study Of Sacral Hiatus In Dry Isolated Sacra

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Morphology of Sacrum and its Variations

Morphology of Sacrum and its Variations

Anatomical Study of Sacrum and its Clinical Significance

Thermometric and Gravimetric Analyses of Aluminum Corrosion Control in a HCl Medium, Using Ricinus Communis Extract

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