Anatomical studies on decaying wood of Mangifera indica by two white rot fungi Schizophyllum commune and Flavadon flavus

Padhiar, Amee; Albert, Susy

doi:10.1007/s13196-012-0079-y

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In contrast, in simultaneous white rot, fungi consume lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses almost in parallel and to a similar extent, resulting in homogeneous decay of the cell wall (Wilcox 1970;Eaton and Hale 1993;Schmidt 2006). The presence of erosion troughs, reduction in cell wall thickening, bore holes (Hubert 1924) and erosion channels are diagnostic features for simultaneous type of decay, while in selective decay, the CML loosens and cells get separated (Padhiar and Albert 2012). It should be mentioned that although some white-rot fungi are attributed to produce selective delignification and others to simultaneous white rot; but some factors like the C/N ratio of the growth media have a strong influence on the decay pattern of these fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A histological investigation of Oriental beech wood decayed by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor

2015

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Chemical, light and electron microscopic studies were carried out on wood of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) decayed by the white-rot fungi Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor for 30, 60 and 120 days according to the modified European standard EN 113. Mass loss as well as lignin, cellulose and carbohydrate content were determined before and after fungal attack. There were no significant differences of wood mass loss and chemical composition between both fungi at the end of incubation. After each incubation period, small specimens were stained for microscopic studies. The micromorphology of fungal cell wall degradation was rather similar for both fungi. Both decreased the cell wall thickness to the same extent. The accumulation of hyphae as well as the rupture of cell walls was also similar. The occurrence of hyphae, cavities in the pits and vessel walls followed nearly the same patterns. The parenchyma cells were completely destroyed. Altogether, both fungi produced a simultaneous white rot in Oriental beech wood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A histological investigation of Oriental beech wood decayed by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor

2015

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“…The saprotrophic decay patterns observed are similar to those reported for other basidiomycete white rot fungi like Heterobasidion annosum (Daniel et al 1998); Lenzites stereoides (Fr.) Ryvarden and Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst (Nagadesi et al 2013); Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burdsall (Koyani and Rajput 2014); Schizophyllum commune Fries and Flavodon flavus (Klotzsch) Ryvarden (Padhiar and Albert 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The saprotrophic wood-degrading abilities of <i>Rigidoporus microporus</i>

Oghenekaro¹,

Daniel²,

Asiegbu³

2015

Silva Fenn.

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• Rigidoporus microporus isolates displayed varying saprotrophic capabilities on wood blocks of Rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis).• Percentage mass loss of (Hevea brasiliensis) wood blocks caused by the pathogenic Rigidoporus microporus was significantly higher than that observed with the endophytic isolate.• The endophytic isolate has very poor saprotrophic ability on Hevea brasiliensis wood blocks. AbstractSaprotrophic wood-decaying abilities of Rigidoporus microporus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) syn. Rigidoporus lignosus and the structural alterations induced in wood blocks of Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg were studied. Mass loss of wood blocks was analyzed after 3 and 6 months respectively and the patterns of decay by pathogenic and endophytic isolates of this fungus were investigated using light microscopy. Effects of temperature on growth of the isolates on malt extract agar were also investigated. The R. microporus isolated from a non-H. brasiliensis host caused the highest percentage mass loss (27.2% after 6 months), followed by isolates ED310 (21.1%) and M13 (15.7%), both collected from diseased H. brasiliensis plantations. The isolate initially identified as an endophyte showed very low saprotrophic wood decay capability (4.3% after 6 months). The optimal temperature for growth of the isolates was 30 °C; except for the endophytic isolate which showed highest growth at 25 °C. Wood samples degraded by the R. microporus isolates showed simultaneous attack of wood cell walls, typical of white rot fungi. Results of the study indicate variability in the wood degrading abilities of the isolates and the potential differences in their physiology are discussed. Our findings further support the need for a taxonomical revision of the Rigidoporus genus.

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“…Macrophomina has been reported as a fungal trunk pathogen in various Prunus species [26][27][28]. Schizophyllum has been identified as an organism that produces dark pigmented lines in bleached wood, and in some cases produces white rot decay (Table 4) [29][30][31]. The extracts obtained through the various solvents were shown to exert a toxic effect on the A. salina model.…”

Section: Taxonomic Identity Of the Fungal Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal Activity of Crude Extracts of Tectona grandis L.f. against Wood Decay Fungi

C醨camo-Ibarra¹,

Mart韓ez-Pacheco²,

Munro-Rojas³

et al. 2022

Phyton

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Wood is mainly made up of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin polymers and other organic and inorganic substances, making it susceptible to deteriorate by various biological agents. Tectona grandis L.f. (Teak) is a timber species with high resistance to biological deterioration, valued for its durability, beauty, and mechanical resistance. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antifungal activity of crude extracts from teak on various fungi that cause wood deterioration. For this, Teak heartwood was obtained, then fragmented and pulverized until obtaining a flour which was used for compounds extraction using the Soxhlet technique coupled to a rotary evaporator through solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and acetone). The extracts obtained were tested against fungal organisms collected in the field, and the LC 50 was determined using teak crude extracts on Artemia salina as a biological model. The results obtained showed that a high flour yield was obtained with hexane (0.951 g), followed by tetrahydrofuran (0.446 g), dichloromethane (0.348 g), and acetone (0.152 g). By using nine fungal organisms that predominantly correspond to the genus Aspergillus, the extractable compounds were tested, inhibiting 25% of mycelial growth with tetrahydrofuran (T. versicolor), and 40.9% with dichloromethane (G. trabeum). Likewise, the biological model of A. salina showed an LC 50 of 84.9 μg/mL with hexane, 43.3 μg/mL with dichloromethane, 59.6 μg/mL with tetrahydrofuran, and 54.7 μg/mL with acetone. For this reason, it is concluded that Teak wood contains many extractable compounds in relation to its weight, besides having antimicrobial activity when extracted through polar compounds such as dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.

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Anatomical studies on decaying wood of Mangifera indica by two white rot fungi Schizophyllum commune and Flavadon flavus

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

A histological investigation of Oriental beech wood decayed by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor

A histological investigation of Oriental beech wood decayed by Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor

The saprotrophic wood-degrading abilities of <i>Rigidoporus microporus</i>

Antifungal Activity of Crude Extracts of Tectona grandis L.f. against Wood Decay Fungi

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