Anatomical Studies of the Orbital Cavity Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography

Kang, Hyo-Sun; Han, Jeong Joon; Oh, Hee-Kyun; Kook, Min-Suk; Jung, Seunggon; Park, Hong-Ju

doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000002811

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although the coronal slide we chose for measuring the medial orbital wall and floor angle may seem anterior to the true orbital apex, our measuring technique reduces the impact of sphenoid sinus size and location, which occasionally forms the medial wall of the optic canal and is not routinely removed in decompression surgery. Our mean angle value of 133.5°was close to Kang et al's 136.88°which was derived from 276 Asian orbits [22]. It is also similar to the 122°measured by Keast et al in 36 Polynesian and 119°in 144 Caucasians [23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ethnic variation in medial orbital wall anatomy and its implications for decompression surgery

et al. 2021

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Background To describe the inter-ethnic variation in medial orbital wall anatomy between Chinese, Malay, Indian and Caucasian subjects. Methods Single-centre, retrospective, Computed Tomography (CT)-based observational study. 20 subjects of each ethnicity, were matched for gender and laterality. We excluded subjects younger than 16 years and those with orbital pathology. OsiriX version 8.5.1 (Pixmeo., Switzerland) and DICOM image viewing software CARESTREAM Vue PACS (Carestream Health Inc., USA) were used to measure the ethmoidal sinus length, width and volume, medial orbital wall and floor angle and the relative position of the posterior ethmoid sinus to the posterior maxillary wall. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25.0 (IBM, USA). Results There were 12 males (60 %) in each group, with no significant difference in age (p = 0.334–0.994). The mean ethmoid sinus length in Chinese, Malay, Indian and Caucasian subjects, using the Chinese as reference, were 37.2, 36.9, 38.0 and 37.4mm, the mean width was 11.6, 10.5, 11.4 and 10.0mm (p = 0.020) and the mean ethmoid sinus volume were 3362, 3652, 3349 and 3898mm3 respectively. The mean medial orbital wall and floor angle was 135.0, 131.4, 131.0 and 136.8 degrees and the mean relative position of posterior ethmoid sinus to posterior maxillary wall were − 2.0, -0.2, -1.5 and 1.6mm (p = 0.003) respectively. Conclusions No inter-ethnic variation was found in decompressible ethmoid sinus volume. Caucasians had their posterior maxillary sinus wall anterior to their posterior ethmoidal walls unlike the Chinese, Malay and Indians. Awareness of ethnic variation is essential for safe orbital decompression.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Ethnic variation in medial orbital wall anatomy and its implications for decompression surgery

et al. 2021

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“…Literature Literature Literature Orbit Volume (cm 3 ) 24.3 [43] � 25.6 [62] � 26.8 [63] 25-28.9 [13,[45][46][47] 27.7 [64] 33.2 [65] 26.8 [49] 27.8 [66] 29.6 [50] 29.2 [64] 23.2 [51] 26.5 [49] 25.6 [66] 25.9 [64] Orbit width 39.7 [67] � 39.8 [52] -41.3 [53] 41.7 [64] 35 [68] 39.8 [54] 41 [69] 42.5 [64] 44.2 [55] 33.6 [68] 36.9 [54] 39 [69] 41 [64] 42.1 [54] Orbit height 2 (Inf-SupM) 33.4 [52] 34.1 [64] 36.2 [67] � 36.6 [45] 32.4 [10] 33.6 [64] 35.9 [56] 36.6 [68] 39 [69] 31.8 [10] 34.1 [64] 35.4 [56] 35.7 [68] 37 [69] Orbit lenght medial 41.3 [61] � [64] 43 [57] 46.9…”

Section: All Groups Male Femalementioning

confidence: 99%

3-D cephalometry of the the orbit regarding endocrine orbitopathy, exophthalmos, and sex

et al. 2022

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Purpose This study aimed at evaluating the orbital anatomy of patients concerning the relevance of orbital anatomy in the etiology of EO (endocrine orbitopathy) and exophthalmos utilizing a novel approach regarding three-dimensional measurements. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism in orbital anatomy was analyzed. Methods Orbital anatomy of 123 Caucasian patients (52 with EO, 71 without EO) was examined using computed tomographic data and FAT software for 3-D cephalometry. Using 56 anatomical landmarks, 20 angles and 155 distances were measured. MEDAS software was used for performing connected and unconnected t-tests and Spearman´s rank correlation test to evaluate interrelations and differences. Results Orbital anatomy was highly symmetrical with a mean side difference of 0.3 mm for distances and 0.6° for angles. There was a small albeit statistically significant difference in 13 out of 155 distances in women and 1 in men concerning patients with and without EO. Two out of 12 angles showed a statistically significant difference between female patients with and without EO. Regarding sex, statistically significant differences occurred in 39 distances, orbit volume, orbit surface, and 2 angles. On average, measurements were larger in men. Concerning globe position within the orbit, larger distances to the orbital apex correlated with larger orbital dimensions whereas the sagittal position of the orbital rim defined Hertel values. Conclusion In this study, little difference in orbital anatomy between patients with and without EO was found. Concerning sex, orbital anatomy differed significantly with men presenting larger orbital dimensions. Regarding clinically measured exophthalmos, orbital aperture anatomy is an important factor which has to be considered in distinguishing between true exophthalmos with a larger distance between globe and orbital apex and pseudoexophthalmos were only the orbital rim is retruded. Thus, orbital anatomy may influence therapy regarding timing and surgical procedures as it affects exophthalmos.

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“…This result implies a high identity of the horizontal axis distance between these 2 modules. Previous studies had focused on the measurement of orbital cavity in 3D CT image 30 . In current study, we estimated the depth with different reference points from optic canal to rim edge closest to the infra-orbital foramen (IOF) because of a better recognized landmark in repair surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of the Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Models in Orbital Blowout Fractures—A Preliminary Study

Wang

et al. 2022

Ann Plast Surg

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Background: Application of 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology has grown in the medical field over the past 2 decades. In managing orbital blowout fractures, 3D printed models can be used as intraoperative navigators and could shorten the operational time by facilitating prebending or shaping of the mesh preoperatively. However, a comparison of the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) images and printed 3D models is lacking. Material and Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients with unilateral orbital blowout fracture and signed up for customized 3D printing model were included. Reference points for the 2D distance were defined (intersupraorbital notch distance, transverse horizontal, sagittal vertical, and anteroposterior axes for orbital cavity) and measured directly on 3D printing models and on corresponding CT images. The difference and correlation analysis were conducted. Results: In total, 9 patients were reviewed from June 2017 to December 2020. The mean difference in the intersupraorbital notch measurement between the 2 modules was −0.14 mm ( P = 0.67). The mean difference in the distance measured from the modules in the horizontal, vertical, and anteroposterior axes of the traumatic orbits was 0.06 mm ( P = 0.85), −0.23 mm ( P = 0.47), and 0.51 mm ( P = 0.32), whereas that of the unaffected orbits was 0.16 mm ( P = 0.44), 0.34 mm ( P = 0.24), and 0.1 mm ( P = 0.88), respectively. Although 2D parameter differences (<1 mm) between 3D printing models and CT images were discovered, they were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Three-dimensional printing models showed high identity and correlation to CT image. Therefore, personalized models might be a reliable tool of virtual surgery or as a guide in realistic surgical scenarios for orbital blowout fractures.

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Anatomical Studies of the Orbital Cavity Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography

Abstract: This quantitative analysis of orbital measurements will allow surgeons to plan operations more accurately and will help predict outcomes.

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Ethnic variation in medial orbital wall anatomy and its implications for decompression surgery

Ethnic variation in medial orbital wall anatomy and its implications for decompression surgery

3-D cephalometry of the the orbit regarding endocrine orbitopathy, exophthalmos, and sex

Accuracy of the Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Models in Orbital Blowout Fractures—A Preliminary Study

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