Anatomical Studies of the Circle of Willis in Normal Brain

Alpers, Bernard J.

doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1959.02340160007002

Cited by 447 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In agreement to our results, regarding more involvement of the posterior circulation,Cavestro and colleagues also reported that hypoplastic basilar artery has been linked to migraine [19]. Variations of CW among normal subjects have been reported [9,10,21] with diverse figures for the complete circle; 90% [22,23]. In Sudan, Alawad et al found complete CW in 72% while in the present study a complete CW observed in 32% of the control group versus 84% of migraineurs [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Abnormal Circle of Willis among Migraineurs in Sudan

Ibrahim¹

2017

JNSK

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Background: Several studies have shown a strong relationship between migraine and cerebral ischemia. The circle of Willis (CW) which is the main cerebral collateral pathway that allows flow redistribution in response to low perfusion is reported to be defective in migraine.Objectives: This study aims to assess the structural characteristics of circle of willis (CW) in Sudanese migraineursMethods: This is a descriptive study including 46 migraineurs selected from a larger study (Migraine Profile in Sudan; a genetic, EEG and MRI study in 12 Sudanese pedigrees) and 100 apparently circle. Volunteers. All subjects underwent threedimensional MRA of the cerebral arterial Results: Defective Circle of Willis is observed in 5 % (n= 40) of migraineurs versus 68 % (n=68) of control. Fifty nine point six percent of migraineurs (n=28) and 53%(n=53) of control showed in complete configuration of CW. Hypoplastic vessels account for 46.8 % (n=22) in migraineurs especially in posterior circulation with 19 % (n=9) have hypoplastic both PcoA (P value 0.0001). While hypoplasia of either left or right but not both posterior communicating vessels was observed in 9% (n=9) of control Furthermore, frequent migraine attacks is significantly associated with hypoplastic arteries of the posterior circulation (P value 0.002). Conclusions:Strong association observed between migraine and an abnormal configuration of the circle of Willis with hypoplasia of the both posterior communicating arteries significantly associated with frequent migraine attacks. This finding needs further confirmation as it will have an impact on the management and prognosis

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Abnormal Circle of Willis among Migraineurs in Sudan

Ibrahim¹

2017

JNSK

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“…There are many other conditions which exist (Alpers et al 1959) and in addition, variations in the relative diameters of the arteries within given condition (Table 1). Combined with varying levels of stenosis in one or multiple afferent arteries there is an extremely large number of possible simulations which could be performed to investigate effect of the variability of circle of Willis geometry on the cerebral hemodynamics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the more common pathological conditions of the circle of Willis (Alpers et al 1959) were chosen for study, namely a complete circle of Willis, a fetal P1 and a missing A1. The difference between a Fetal P1 configuration (Figure 2) compared to a complete circle is that one of the P1 segments of a PCA is greatly reduced in size, while the PCoA ipsilateral to that P1 is increased in size.…”

Section: Anatomical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the general population, approximately 50% have a complete CoW (Alpers et al 1959), where possible variations can include underdeveloped or completely absent blood vessels. While an individual with one of these variations may suffer no ill effects under normal circumstances, the reduced ability for collateral blood flow via the circle of Willis compounded with certain pathological conditions can present a health risk, in particular the possibility of suffering an ischaemic stroke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D models of blood flow in the cerebral vasculature

Moore

Todem

Chase

et al. 2006

Journal of Biomechanics

119

100

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The circle of Willis (CoW) is a ring-like arterial structure located in the base of the brain and is responsible for the distribution of oxygenated blood throughout the cerebral mass. To investigate the effects of the complex 3D geometry and anatomical variability of the CoW on the cerebral hemodynamics, a technique for generating physiologically accurate models of the CoW has been created using a combination of magnetic resonance data and computer aided design software. A mathematical model of the body's cerebral autoregulation mechanism has been developed and numerous computational fluid dynamics simulations performed to model the hemodynamics in response to changes in afferent blood pressure. Three pathological conditions were explored, namely a complete CoW, a fetal P1 and a missing A1. The methodology of the cerebral hemodynamic modelling is proposed with the potential for future clinical application in mind, as a diagnostic tool.

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“…Only 59 cases of fenestration of the proximal segment (A 1 ) of the ACA have been reported. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] Here we describe a case of ruptured aneurysm arising from a fenestrated A 1 of the right ACA with contralateral A 1 hypoplasia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%