Anatomical structures of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) suggest it is well adapted to the aquatic–terrestrial transition zone

Yang, Chaodong; Yang, Xiaolin; Zhang, Xia; Zhou, Cunyu; Zhang, Fan; Wang, Xiaoe; Wang, Qingfeng

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2019.02.013

Cited by 22 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…sinense , the adventitious roots, the rhizomes, and the leaf axes all had an endodermis with the following histochemical features; Casparian bands and suberin lamellae surrounded by sclerenchyma layers. These characteristics tend to vary distinctly across tissues and organs in almost all other vascular plants ( Ogura, 1972 ; Fahn, 1990 ; Lersten, 1997 ; Enstone, Peterson & Ma, 2003 ; Evert, 2006 ; Yang et al, 2011 , 2014 , 2019a , 2019b , 2019c , 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018 ; Crang, Lyons-Sobaski & Wise, 2018 ; Xiang et al, 2019 ). Displaying alike to A. reniforme var.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and the epiphytic Pleopeltis macrocarpa possess an endodermis and a sclerenchyma layer around the vascular bundles throughout the plant ( Wetzel et al, 2017 ; De los Ángeles Lagoria et al, 2018 ). The endodermis and the sclerenchyma layers support and protect the bodies of vascular plants such as ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms ( Fahn, 1990 ; Lersten, 1997 ; Enstone, Peterson & Ma, 2003 ; Evert, 2006 ; Yang et al, 2011 , 2014 , 2019a , 2019b , 2019c , 2020 ; Crang, Lyons-Sobaski & Wise, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018 ; Xiang et al, 2019 ). The presence of these structures suggested that A. reniforme var.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of these structures suggested that A. reniforme var. sinense would survive in dry cliff environments ( Chapple & Peterson, 1987 ; Lersten, 1997 ; Yang et al, 2011 , 2014 , 2019a , 2019b , 2019c , 2020 ; Neira et al, 2017 ; Wetzel et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018 ; De los Ángeles Lagoria et al, 2018 ; Xiang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the morphologies of sun and shade plants are obviously different ( Boardman, 1977 ; Nasrulhaq-Boyce & Mohamed, 1987 ; Givnish, 1988 ; Santos-Silva, Mastroberti & De Araujo Mariath, 2011 ), the leaves of shade plants are large, with large cells, few mesophyll tissues, and decreased stomatal and vein densities ( Ribeiro, Santos & Moraes, 2007 ; Zhang & Wu, 2013 ; Neira et al, 2017 ; Dematteis et al, 2019 ; Shah et al, 2019 ; Baer, Wheeler & Pittermann, 2020 ). In ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, the endodermis or circumendodermal band and the exodermis act as barriers, which restrict water-solute exchange, reduce oxygen loss after submersion, and terrestrial environments ( Ogura, 1972 ; Lersten, 1997 ; Enstone, Peterson & Ma, 2003 ; Hernandez-Hernandez et al, 2012 ; Geldner, 2013 ; Xiang et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2011 , 2014 , 2019a , 2019b , 2019c , 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and anatomical adaptations to dry, shady environments in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae)

et al. 2020

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The natural distribution of the rare perennial fern Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae), which is endemic to shady cliff environments, is limited to small areas of Wanzhou County, Chongqing, China. In this study, we used brightfield and epifluorescence microscopy to investigate the anatomical structures and histochemical features that may allow this species to thrive in shady, dry cliff environments. The A. reniforme var. sinense sporophyte had a primary structure and a dictyostele. The plants of this species had an endodermis, sclerenchyma layers and hypodermal sterome, reflecting an adaption to dry cliff environments. Blades had a thin cuticle and isolateral mesophyll, suggesting a tolerance of shady environments. These characteristics are similar to many sciophyte ferns such as Lygodium japonicum and Pteris multifida. Thus, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of A. reniforme var. sinense identified in this study are consistent with adaptations to shady, dry cliff environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and anatomical adaptations to dry, shady environments in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae)

et al. 2020

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“…Sudan red 7B (0.1%) dissolved in polyethylene glycol (average mw 400 Daltons) and 90% glycerol (v/v) was used to stain cuticles (Brundrett, Kendrick & Peterson, 1991; Yang et al, 2019; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018). Phloroglucinol–HCl was used to stain lignin (Yang et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2017b; Zhang, Yang & Seago, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and ion physiology of Brasenia schreberi glandular trichomes in vivo

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2019

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Brasenia schreberi is a critically endangered aquatic basal angiosperm. In this work, we characterized the structure of the glandular trichomes of B. schreberi morphologically and histochemically. We used a variety of structural, histochemical and permeability stains for the characterization, and we tested the effects of stress in vivo using NaCl and ethanol. We observed that the glandular trichome of B. schreberi are composed of two disk-like stalk cells, and a glandular cell which surround a cuticular storage space. The cuticle is discontinuous at the surface of the shoots. Nearly half of young trichomes senesced in 0.9% NaCl, and mature trichomes senesced at 1.8% NaCl. About half of young trichomes senesced under 3% ethanol and mature trichomes senesced in 2% ethanol after 20 min of treatment. The physiology of glandular trichomes affects the way they secrete mucilage via storage space at a young stage. The trichomes become permeable and absorb ions when mature. This transition depends on the osmiophilic material and the dynamic protoplast. It can accelerate senescence and disassembly by ion accumulation. Permeability tests and ion treatments of glandular trichomes provide new insights for fertilizer research. Our study highlights the structure and physiology of B. schreberi glandular trichomes.

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Invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides has performance advantages over natives under flooding with high amount of nitrogen

Sun

Javed

et al. 2022

Aquat Ecol

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Anatomical structures of alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) suggest it is well adapted to the aquatic–terrestrial transition zone

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Morphological and anatomical adaptations to dry, shady environments in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae)

Morphological and anatomical adaptations to dry, shady environments in Adiantum reniforme var. sinense (Pteridaceae)

Structure and ion physiology of Brasenia schreberi glandular trichomes in vivo

Invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides has performance advantages over natives under flooding with high amount of nitrogen

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