Anatomical patterns of kidney structure in yorkshire pigs in the age aspect

Abstract

The Yorkshire pig breed was bred in the 19th century by the English farmer Joseph Tooley and presented at the agricultural exhibition in Windose in 1851. Pig breeders immediately appreciated this breed on merit for its calm disposition and unpretentious lifestyle, feeding and maintenance. Farmer Joseph Tuley decided to assign the name of the breed immediately, and in particular to link it with his county - Yorkshire. The Yorkshire pig was the result of crossing representatives of the white Leicester and Chinese and English long-eared. Farmer Joseph Tuley decided to breed a new bacon breed, which became the goal of his life and brought him fame and an impressive income. Yorkshire piglets were brought to Russia only in the post-war years and immediately became quite popular. Currently, this breed of pig ranks fourth in the world in terms of prevalence and popularity. There are about 1.5 million individuals of this breed of pigs in the Russian Federation. Currently, diseases of pigs associated with the urinary tract are very widespread. The causes of this pathology can be infectious microorganisms, injuries of various etiologies, metabolic disorders and vascular apparatus of the organs of the urinary system. This can lead to the occurrence of diseases such as nephritis, nephrosis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, cystitis. Without knowledge of anatomical and topographic features of the structure of the organs of the urinary system, it is problematic to diagnose diseases and pathologies, as well as to carry out timely treatment. The purpose of our study was to study the anatomical patterns of kidney structure in Yorkshire pigs in the age aspect. The material for the study was three age groups of pigs - newborns 1-7 days (early neonatal period); piglets 10-14 days (neonatal period); piglets 20-28 days (late neonatal period) weighing from 2000 to 3500 g. To achieve this task, a complex of traditional anatomical research methods was used: fine anatomical dissection, photographing and morphometry. During the study, it was found that the kidneys of Yorkshire pigs are located in the retroperitoneal space. Topographically, the right and left kidneys are located at the same level under 1-4 lumbar vertebrae. The kidneys of male Yorkshire piglets are much larger and larger in absolute and relative terms than those of females. The study also found that the maximum kidney growth in Yorkshire pigs in the observed period ranged from 10-14 to 20-28 days of age.