Anatomical Landmarks of the Beard Region

Abstract

BACKGROUND With recent advancements in hair restoration techniques, hair can be transplanted into nonscalp areas, such as the beard region, and the result looks natural. Although scalp zones and landmarks have been available for planning and designing the hairline, landmarks that will determine the beard lines are yet to be presented and made known for clinical practice. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine and analyze the beard lines and anatomical boundaries of the beard area to provide a more natural restoration/reconstruction appearance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The soft-tissue landmarks of the face that will enable physicians to create natural-looking beard lines were determined. Based on these important points, beard lines were analyzed with anthropometric methods by using the photographs of 32 male volunteers. RESULTS The ideal upper and lower beard lines and the anatomical boundaries of the beard area were determined using these landmarks. CONCLUSION These lines ensure that beard restoration/reconstruction provides a more natural appearance.

A Reversal Forehead Free Flap Transplantation Without Interrupted Perfusion for Esthetic Repairing the Mentocervical Scar Deformity

“…4 An abnormal beard or the lack of a beard can result in an unnatural look and impair men's self-esteem. 5 Therefore, the beard is considered to be an independent facial unit. 6 For those male patients with largescale mentocervical scars, the forehead flap with hair can both repair the defects as well as provide potential material for beard reconstruction.…”

“…The beard is a sign of masculinity 4. An abnormal beard or the lack of a beard can result in an unnatural look and impair men’s self-esteem 5. Therefore, the beard is considered to be an independent facial unit 6.…”

Beard Alopecia: An Updated and Comprehensive Review of Etiologies, Presentation and Treatment

“…The important social and individual importance of the male beard may be compromised by beard alopecia. This includes trauma, endocrinopathies, autoimmune or systemic processes, burns, and infectious etiologies [3,4]. Early recognition and management of beard alopecia can alleviate potentially psychologically damaging facial hair loss.…”