Anatomical features of three perennial swampy plants of Poaceae, grown on the water stream banks in Nile Delta, Egypt

Abstract

The anatomical structure of plants is largely varied according to genetics as well as the environmental conditions. The present study aims to describe the anatomical features of three species of family Poaceae growing naturally in canal bank habitat namely: Arundo donax, Pennisetum setaceum and Saccharum spontaneum. These plants are referred as medicinal, grazing or fiber producing plants. Samples were obtained from the canal banks in Nile delta of Egypt. The samples were fixed in formalin-acetoalcohol and cross sections were prepared, examined using full automatic Olympus microscope and photographed at different power. In the present study, regarding leaves, the general appearance of the leaves sections showed either flat or V-shaped blade. The leaf blades of the three plants show a typical monocot organization. The mesophyll cells showed no distinct differentiation into palisade or spongy tissue. In P. setaceum and S. spontaneum, the leaves have distinct bulliform cells which enable the leaf to fold or roll. The vascular bundles of leaves are collateral, closed, numerous and diffuse in distribution. The vascular bundles are larger in size and surrounded by a sheath of fibers. However, the cross-section of the stem is more or less circular. Ground tissue is parenchymatous and not differentiated into cortex and pith in P. setaceum and S. spontaneum, while A. donax has large hollow pith. The bundles are collateral and are usually surrounded by a sclerenchymatous sheath.

Authentication of Ethnoveterinary Important Grasses Through Microscopic Techniques: Insights Into the Anatomical and Phytochemical Analysis of Grasses

“…Cells called bundle sheaths surround the vascular bundles. Arora and Kumar,[70], Gandhi and Albert,[71], and Ahmed et al[72] found similar findings in the stem of Saccharum spontaneum L., stem section of C. setigerus and stem section of I. cylinderica. The leaves of all four grasses showed upper and lower epidermis, mesophyll cells, vascular bundles, and sclerenchyma cells in their transverse sections.…”

The High Potential of Micro-Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Identification of Archaeological Reeds: The Case Study of Tutankhamun

“…1 × 0.5 cm). A. donax and P. australis were selected because, unlike Saccharum spontaneum, also used in ancient Egypt [31], they have a hollow stem [21,32]. The third sample (size ca.…”

Differential Expression Profiles of Apetala2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (Ap2/Erf) Gene Family in Egyptian Sugarcane (Saccharum Spontaneum L.) in Response to Phytohormones and a Biotic Stress

“…Egypt is known to be one of the oldest native ranges of this subspecies (Gaber et al, 2009). Its habitat extends on the border of water streams within the Egyptian deserts and Nile delta (Abd El-Gawad and El-Amier, 2017). Commercially grown in tropical and subtropical areas.…”