Anatomical factors influencing traditional abdominal examination in <scp>Kampo</scp> diagnosis: Analysis by computed tomography

Shimada, H; Namiki, Takao; Hirasaki, Yoshiro; Oji, Takeshi; Nakaguchi, Toshiya; Ueda, Keigo; Kasahara, Yuji; Nagamine, Koichi; Okamoto, Hideki; Yakubo, Shuji

doi:10.1002/tkm2.1265

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the position of the patient during tongue diagnosis is not uniform. Some physicians and pharmacists observe the tongue in the sitting position, while others observe the tongue in the supine position to obtain the patient's abdominal fndings [20,21]. Acupuncturists often observe the tongue in the supine position because of acupuncture treatment [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information

Murakami,

Morita,

Watanabe

et al. 2024

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Tongue diagnosis is one of the important diagnostic methods in Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicine, in which the color and shape of the tongue are used to determine the patient’s constitution and systemic symptoms. Tongue diagnosis is performed with the patient in the sitting or supine positions; however, the differences in tongue color in these two different positions have not been analyzed. We developed tongue image analyzing system (TIAS), which can quantify tongue color by capturing tongue images in the sitting and supine positions. We analyzed the effects on tongue color in two different body positions. Tongue color was quantified as L∗a∗b∗ from tongue images of 18 patients in two different body positions by taking images with TIAS. The CIEDE 2000 color difference equation (ΔE00) was used to assess the difference in tongue color in two different body positions. Correlations were also determined between ΔE00, physical characteristics, and laboratory test values. The mean and median ΔE00 for 18 patients were 2.85 and 2.34, respectively. Of these patients, 77.8% had a ΔE00 < 4.1. A weak positive correlation was obtained between ΔE00 and systolic blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose. Approximately 80% of patients’ tongue color did not change between the sitting and supine positions. This indicates that the diagnostic results of tongue color are trustworthy even if medical professionals perform tongue diagnosis in two different body positions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information

Murakami,

Morita,

Watanabe

et al. 2024

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…It is thought to refer to weakness of the muscles of the lower half of the body. In Kampo medicine, abdominal examination 7) may be based on the quantity/strength of the rectus abdominis muscles. Weakness in this area is known as weakness of the lower abdominal region (WLAR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of case findings for sarcopenia using comparative measurements of the iliopsoas muscle and rectus abdominis on CT

Ryu

Namiki

Kaji

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Sarcopenia is considered to be a major factor in frailty, and early detection of sarcopenia is important to prevent frailty. Weakness of the lower abdominal region (WLAR) is one of the findings in Kampo (Traditional Japanese) medicine that indicates a condition similar to sarcopenia. We hypothesized that there may be a correlation between the iliopsoas (psoas) muscle and the rectus abdominis. In this study, we used measurements taken from computed tomography (CT) scans of the iliopsoas muscle and rectus abdominis, and investigated which measurements of abdominal muscle indices are relevant to a diagnosis of sarcopenia. Method The subjects were 100 consecutive patients (50 males and 50 females) who were treated in our department. We collected their age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and WLAR findings, which were divided into three levels: f(0): no WLAR, f(1): suspected WLAR and f(2): obvious WLAR. We also measured CT images of iliopsoas and rectus abdominis muscle-related indices and the psoas muscle index (PMI) was calculated. Results The correlation coefficient between the rectus abdominis data obtained from multiple regression analysis and the PMI was R2 = 0.36 or higher for both females and males, indicating that the size of the iliopsoas muscle can be predicted from measurements of the rectus abdominis muscle. In both females and males, this suggests that sarcopenia groupings determined by the PMI in the iliopsoas muscle are consistent with groupings based on WLAR. The length of the rectus abdominis muscle was measured, and the mean of each of the three WLAR groups showed significant differences in upper rectus abdominis muscle dehiscence and lower rectus abdominis muscle dehiscence in females. In males, there were significant differences in muscle dehiscence only of the upper rectus abdominis. Discussion It is known from previous reports that the iliopsoas muscle is an indicator of sarcopenia. This study suggests that the rectus abdominis muscle might also be an indicator of sarcopenia based on the relationship between the measured values of the iliopsoas and rectus abdominis muscles. When the cutoff values identified with the PMI were applied, significant differences were found among the groups based on PMI and WLAR values, which are currently used for diagnosis. These results suggest that WLAR may provide a useful way of screening case findings for sarcopenia. Conclusion In this study, we were able to identify positive correlations between the rectus abdominis and iliopsoas muscles by obtaining measurements from CT images. Our results indicate that the status of the rectus abdominis might be used in the diagnosis of sarcopenia.

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Anatomical factors influencing traditional abdominal examination in Kampo diagnosis: Analysis by computed tomography

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information

Effects of Sitting and Supine Positions on Tongue Color as Measured by Tongue Image Analyzing System and Its Relation to Biometric Information

Investigation of case findings for sarcopenia using comparative measurements of the iliopsoas muscle and rectus abdominis on CT

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