Anatomical Evidence for the Involvement of the Macaque Ventrolateral Prefrontal Area 12r in Controlling Goal-Directed Actions

Borra, Elena; Gerbella, Marzio; Rozzi, Stefano; Luppino, Giuseppe

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1745-11.2011

Cited by 97 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Indeed, both sensory-driven (forward model) and internally generated (generative model) representations of the same observed action seem to be recruited in a predictable context: the former are mainly based on Action MN activity, the latter mostly rely on the predictive activation of Inaction MNs. This proposal fits with the available anatomical data showing that, in area F5, there is a convergence of information from the superior temporal sulcus, through the inferior parietal cortex, concerning others' observed actions, and from the higher order prefronto-dependent motor (Luppino et al, 1993;Gerbella et al, 2011) and prefrontal (Borra et al, 2011;Gerbella et al, 2013) areas. Thus, the MN system can play a role both in sensory-driven action representation, through the parietofrontal sensorimotor pathway, and context-based action prediction, through the prefronto-premotor routes, although these processes appear to rely on partially distinct neuronal populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…This view has received convergent support from several neurophysiological studies, indicating that some sensory description of the ongoing movement is always necessary to trigger MN response (Umiltà et al, 2001;Kohler et al, 2002;Fogassi et al, 2005;Maranesi et al, 2013). Maranesi et al (2013) demonstrated that, at the population level, MN response to an observed agent's reaching-grasping action starts ϳ60 ms after movement onset, supporting the idea that MNs generate a reactive, sensory-driven representation of observed actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is known that MNs can discharge differently depending on the space in which an observed action occurs (Caggiano et al, 2009), suggesting that, in addition to action understanding, MNs might be involved in preparing appropriate motor responses during social interactions. Since predictive discharge might be crucial for this latter function, we investigated whether MN discharge pattern is related to the space in which the observed action is per- Figure 3.…”

Section: Space Dependency Of Mn Predictive and Reactive Coding Of Othmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mirror Neuron Activation Prior to Action Observation in a Predictable Context

et al. 2014

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A fundamental capacity of social animals consists in the predictive representation of upcoming events in the outside world, such as the actions of others. Here, we tested the activity of ventral premotor area F5 mirror neurons (MNs) while monkeys observed an experimenter performing (Action condition) or withholding (Inaction condition) a grasping action, which could be predicted on the basis of previously presented auditory instructions. Many of the recorded MNs discharged only during action observation (Action MNs), but one-third also encoded the experimenter's withheld action (Inaction MNs). Interestingly, while most of Action MNs exhibited reactive discharge during action observation, becoming active after the go signal, the majority of Inaction MNs showed predictive discharge. MN population activity as a whole displayed an overall predictive activation pattern, becoming active, on average, 340 ms before the go signal. Furthermore, MNs became active earlier when the observed action was performed in the monkeys' extrapersonal rather than peripersonal space, suggesting that context-based neural prediction of others' actions plays different roles depending on the monkeys' ability to interact with the observed agent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Space Dependency Of Mn Predictive and Reactive Coding Of Othmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mirror Neuron Activation Prior to Action Observation in a Predictable Context

et al. 2014

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“…We put the border between dlPFC and vlPFC at 3 mm ventral to the principal sulcus. Thus, the dlPFC and vlPFC largely corresponded to area 46d/46v/9 and area 45/12, respectively (Petrides andPandya, 1999, 2002;Borra et al, 2011;Gerbella et al, 2012). In total, we found 1149 taskrelated lPFC neurons: 358 in the vlPFC (255 in monkey 1 and 103 in monkey 3) and 791 in the dlPFC (397 in monkey 1 and 394 in monkey 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Distinct Information Representation and Processing for Goal-Directed Behavior in the Dorsolateral and Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex and the Dorsal Premotor Cortex

et al. 2012

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Although the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) are thought to be involved in goal-directed behavior, the specific roles of each area still remain elusive. To characterize and compare neuronal activity in two sectors of the lPFC [dorsal (dlPFC) and ventral (vlPFC)] and the PMd, we designed a behavioral task for monkeys to explore the differences in their participation in four aspects of information processing: encoding of visual signals, behavioral goal retrieval, action specification, and maintenance of relevant information. We initially presented a visual object (an instruction cue) to instruct a behavioral goal (reaching to the right or left of potential targets). After a subsequent delay, a choice cue appeared at various locations on a screen, and the animals could specify an action to achieve the behavioral goal. We found that vlPFC neurons amply encoded object features of the instruction cues for behavioral goal retrieval and, subsequently, spatial locations of the choice cues for specifying the actions. By contrast, dlPFC and PMd neurons rarely encoded the object features, although they reflected the behavioral goals throughout the delay period. After the appearance of the choice cues, the PMd held information for action throughout the specification and preparation of reaching movements. Remarkably, lPFC neurons represented information for the behavioral goal continuously, even after the action specification as well as during its execution. These results indicate that area-specific representation and information processing at progressive stages of the perception-action transformation in these areas underlie goal-directed behavior.

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“…Is there an insulocortical circuit that may transmit vitality form information to the cortex? Anatomical data in the monkey support this possibility by showing that the dorsocentral sector of the insula has rich connections with areas AIP (9), F5 (10), and 12r (11) [that is, with the parietal and frontal areas that form the circuit involved in the organization of arm movements in the monkey (18,19) as well as humans (20)(21)(22)] (Fig. 3A).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Expressing our internal states and understanding those of others

Cesare

Dio

Marchi

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Vitality form is a term that describes the style with which motor actions are performed (e.g., rude, gentle, etc.). They represent one characterizing element of conscious and unconscious bodily communication. Despite their importance in interpersonal behavior, vitality forms have been, until now, virtually neglected in neuroscience. Here, using the functional MRI (fMRI) technique, we investigated the neural correlates of vitality forms in three different tasks: action observation, imagination, and execution. Conjunction analysis showed that, in all three tasks, there is a common, consistent activation of the dorsocentral sector of the insula. In addition, a common activation of the parietofrontal network, typically active during arm movements production, planning, and observation, was also found. We conclude that the dorsocentral part of the insula is a key element of the system that modulates the cortical motor activity, allowing individuals to express their internal states through action vitality forms. Recent monkey anatomical data show that the dorsocentral sector of the insula is, indeed, connected with the cortical circuit involved in the control of arm movements.vitality forms | insula | action style | mirror mechanism | fMRI

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Anatomical Evidence for the Involvement of the Macaque Ventrolateral Prefrontal Area 12r in Controlling Goal-Directed Actions

Cited by 97 publications

References 62 publications

Mirror Neuron Activation Prior to Action Observation in a Predictable Context

Mirror Neuron Activation Prior to Action Observation in a Predictable Context

Distinct Information Representation and Processing for Goal-Directed Behavior in the Dorsolateral and Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex and the Dorsal Premotor Cortex

Expressing our internal states and understanding those of others

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