Anatomical evaluation of the root canal diameter and root thickness on the apical third of mesial roots of molars

Abstract

The purpose was to determine the diameter of the main root canal and wall thickness in the apical dentin in mesial roots of maxillary and mandibular molars. Forty mesiobuccal and mesial root specimens were sectioned horizontally at 1, 2 and 3 mm from the apex, and measured at each top surface by using optical microscopy to an accuracy of ×20 magnification. The anatomical parameters were established as the following points of reference: AB, two points connected by a line from the outer edge of the mesial wall to the outer edge of the distal one through the center of the root canal to measure the thickness of the root and mesiodistal diameter of the root canal (CD). A second line (EF) was designed to evaluate the diameter of the root canal in the buccolingual direction. All data were summarized, and values were assessed statistically by ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons. The buccolingual (BL) root canal diameters at 1, 2 and 3 mm in the mandibular and maxillary molars were greater than in the mesiodistal (MD), showing statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). The MD root thicknesses at 1, 2 and 3 mm in mandibular and maxillary molars were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The lowest value to 1 mm from the apex in the mandibular molars was 1.219 mm and the highest at 3 mm from the root apex in maxillary molars was 1.741 mm. The BL diameters in maxillary and mandibular molars were higher than the MD diameter. The thickness (MD) of maxillary and mandibular molars decreased as a function of apical proximity.

Prevalence of Different Types of Apical Root Canal Morphology and their Treatment Recommendations in an Institute

“…7 Adding to the difficulty, it has been well established that variations are a rule rather than exceptions in case of root canal anatomy. 2,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The apex is the root terminus and the apical anatomy tends to be non-uniform and unpredictable. 2 The only consistent aspect of the apex is its inconsistency.…”

“…4 Martos et al in their study found out a statistically significant difference among the three levels of assessment for mandibular and maxillary roots with a lower value at one mm and higher at three mm, which is entirely in agreement with the results depicted by our study. 11 The taper of the canal is another important aspect to consider; if the taper of the instrument being used to clean and shape canal does not correspond to the taper of the canal the objective of biomechanical preparation will not be obtained. If the instrument has excessive taper it will lead to an undue removal of radicular dentin whereas if there is under taper then the instrument would not be able to clean the canals effectively.…”

Perbedaan Kebersihan Sepertiga Apikal Saluran Akar dari Smear Layer Menggunakan Sistem Aktivasi Ultrasonik dan Sonik

“…31 Saluran akar yang tidak terinstrumentasi pada bagian apikal menyimpan mikroflora yang dapat menyebabkan inflamasi periradikular. 32 Pembersihan saluran akar bertujuan untuk mengurangi iritan. 15 Tujuan pembentukan saluran akar adalah untuk memfasilitasi pembersihan dan menyediakan ruang untuk menempatkan bahan-bahan pengisi.…”

Deep Learning-Based Super-Resolution Applied to Dental Computed Tomography

“…In dentistry the 3-D structure of the tooth is visualized using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), where the typical resolution is around 500 µm because of partial volume effect, noise, and beam hardening [9]. When the exact position of the dental canal has to be determined for root canal treatment, these images are difficult to work with, since the diameter of the canal is usually in the range of 0.16-1.6 mm [10]. The European Commission on Radiation Protection concluded in 2012 that further research to establish the diagnostic accuracy of dental CBCT devices in identifying root canal anatomy is necessary to justify their indication in endodontic treatment [11].…”