Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in  &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Euphorbia hirta&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.

Sultana, Rubaiyat Sharmin

doi:10.11648/j.plant.20170501.12

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In the case of EN, the palisade layer covers two rows whereas the spongy layer covers three rows of cells. In Euphorbia hirta , the two rows of palisade cells were elongated at right angles whereas the cells of spongy layer (2–6 rows) were subspherical or spherical in shape with wide intercellular spaces (Sultana, 2017). The E .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microscopic characterization, TLC fingerprinting and optimization of total lipid content from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) using response surface methodology

Chaudhary,

Meena,

Janmeda

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Euphorbia neriifolia (EN) is a medicinal plant used to treat a variety of ailments in traditional systems. Despite numerous studies on pharmacological activities, no information was available on the microscopic study of this plant. This is the first study that has been attempted to fill this need by performing the light and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) of leaf, stem, and latex. The powder microscopy of several organs (leaves, stem, and bark) and exudate (latex) of EN was carried out using safranine, fast green, phloroglucinol, and other standard solutions at different magnifications. The chemical fingerprinting of petroleum ether extract was accomplished by using thin layer chromatography. The optimization of total lipid content from the EN leaf under ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and soxhlet extraction (SE) procedure was determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The studied factors that affect the lipid content were: solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Several notable characteristics observed in the leaf of EN are amphistomatic leaves with anticlinical cell walls, anomocytic stomata, spongy mesophyll cells, elongated palisade cells, angular collenchyma, and U‐shaped vascular bundle. The plano‐convex midrib is covered by polygonal to oval‐shaped cuticles and contains anomocytic stomata. The circular petiole has no trichomes and contains laticifers, crystals, and idioblasts. The circular stem was observed with trichomes, hypodermis, collenchyma, parenchymatous cells, central pith, pentagonal stellar region, cambium, and 2–4 times more xylem that of phloem. All of the powdered plant parts and exudate under study contained trichomes, xylem vessels, wood fibers, cork cells, starch grains, calcium oxalate crystals, idioblasts, lignified cork, tannin content, stone cells, and oil globules. The blackish‐green colored petroleum ether extract with semi‐solid consistency showed the greatest percent (%) yield of 4% in the latex of EN. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) examination of petroleum ether extract of EN leaf produced a maximum 6 spots with Rf values of 0.16, 0.58, 0.62, 0.73, and 0.96 in the mobile phase of petroleum ether‐acetone (8:2). In terms of optimization, the dark green colored UAE extract with semi‐sticky consistency showed highest % yield of 4.5% whereas the yellowish green colored SE extract of sticky consistency showed the highest % yield of 4.9%. The findings showed that there were not many differences in the total lipid content between UAE (0.16%) and SE (0.11%). However, the best optimum condition for lipid content extraction analysis was obtained as follows: solvent ratio (PE:HE) 50:50, extraction temperature 50°C, extraction time 45 min for UAE, and solvent ratio (PE:HE) 60:40, extraction temperature 45°C, and extraction time of 24 h for SE. Hence, this study signifies the various noteworthy microscopic features along with the presence of different phytocompounds through TLC and best optimized condition for the extraction of lipids from different parts of EN. As no previous study has been reported, the outcomes obtained from the current study prove to be beneficial in the identification of species, quality control, and detection of any adulteration from the laboratory and commercial samples of EN.Research Highlights The percent yield was found to be maximum in latex extract (4%). The leaf pet ether extract was separated into 6 bands with different Rf values. The extracted compounds from Euphorbia neriifolia leaves were categorized into non‐polar heat tolerant. The highest total lipid yield (0.1119) was obtained at solvent ratios 60:40 of PE:HE (petroleum ether: petroleum hexane).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stem of EN presented a circular shape in transection with uniseriate epidermis and thickened cuticle. The epidermal cells with periclinical walls and thick cuticle were observed in various species of Euphorbia (Galeş & Toma, 2006; Sultana, 2017). Regarding the trichomes, some species show the trichomes, and some do not.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microscopic characterization, TLC fingerprinting and optimization of total lipid content from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) using response surface methodology

Chaudhary,

Meena,

Janmeda

2023

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Leaf and stem anatomical characterization of Euphorbia hirta L., a tolerant species to glyphosate

Chapeta

Tozin

Souza

et al. 2023

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B

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Anatomical Characterization of Stems of Some Medicinal Plants of the Family Euphorbiaceae in Nigeria

James,

Green,

Ajuru

et al. 2022

Trends Agric. Sci

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Background and Objective: Detailed knowledge of plant anatomical characters and their variation among closely related species is paramount to understanding their evolution and function. Plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family are widely used in Nigeria since it has important secondary metabolites like tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, triterpenes, polysterols, etc. Euphorbiaceae is an important family which contains numerous medicinal plants. Based on their medicinal importance, seven species were selected for study from four genera which include: Genus Acalypha-A. hispida and A. wilkesiana, genus Euphorbia-E. heterophylla and E. hirta, genus Jatropha-J. curcas and J. gossypifolia and the genus Manihot-M. esculenta. Materials and Methods: This study characterizes and compares the anatomical characteristics of the stem of these seven species of Euphorbiaceae occurring in some parts of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, as a means of providing information for quality assessment of the herbal industry. Three individuals of each species were collected, fixed, stored and prepared following usual anatomy techniques, for subsequent observation using light microscopy techniques. Results: The observations made of the transverse sections of the stem revealed structural arrangements and variations of the epidermis, hypodermis, cortex, vascular tissues and pith. The cell wall contours have been described in detail. The occurrence of cell inclusions was also noted in different tissues of the stem-axes. Conclusion:The observable characters in the seven species studied are diagnostic and taxonomically significant enough to separate and distinguish them. These features are helpful when conducting a quality control process.

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Anatomical Characteristics of Stem and Leaf in <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> L.

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Microscopic characterization, TLC fingerprinting and optimization of total lipid content from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) using response surface methodology

Microscopic characterization, TLC fingerprinting and optimization of total lipid content from Euphorbia neriifolia (L.) using response surface methodology

Leaf and stem anatomical characterization of Euphorbia hirta L., a tolerant species to glyphosate

Anatomical Characterization of Stems of Some Medicinal Plants of the Family Euphorbiaceae in Nigeria

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