Anatomical Asymmetries of Anterior Perisylvian Speech-Language Regions

Knaus, Tracey A.; Corey, David M.; Bollich, Angela M.; Lemen, Lisa; Foundas, Anne L.

doi:10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70244-2

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…On average, it appears that the DS appears more frequently in the human brain relative to the chimpanzee brain, insofar as several studies report a prevalence of the DS in over 60% of human hemispheres (Foundas et al, 2001;Germann et al, 2005;Keller et al, 2009b;Ono et al, 1990), which is in keeping with the analysis of the small human sample in the present study, and these prevalence statistics are at least double those for chimpanzees (as reported in this study and by Sherwood et al, 2003). Despite some claims suggesting that the DS appears more times in the left hemisphere relative to the right in the human brain (Keller et al, 2007;Sherwood et al, 2003), there are some studies that report a slightly greater prevalence in the right hemisphere (Germann et al, 2005;Keller et al, 2009b;Knaus et al, 2007). We report a slight leftward asymmetric prevalence in the chimpanzee brain, and Sherwood et al (2003) reported a slight rightward asymmetric prevalence.…”

Section: Methodological Issuessupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Misclassification of the DS may be the most important factor that explains the great variance in the reports of the presence of the DS in human studies. In particular, the prevalence of the DS has ranged from 12.75% to 85% of hemispheres (Amunts et al, 2004;Foundas et al, 2001;Galaburda and Geschwind, 1980;Germann et al, 2005;Keller et al, 2007Keller et al, , 2009bKnaus et al, 2007;Ono et al, 1990;Tomaiuolo et al, 1999; see Table 3). On average, it appears that the DS appears more frequently in the human brain relative to the chimpanzee brain, insofar as several studies report a prevalence of the DS in over 60% of human hemispheres (Foundas et al, 2001;Germann et al, 2005;Keller et al, 2009b;Ono et al, 1990), which is in keeping with the analysis of the small human sample in the present study, and these prevalence statistics are at least double those for chimpanzees (as reported in this study and by Sherwood et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the DS does not represent a macroscopic border of the POP, its presence and asymmetry were also recorded in our sample of chimpanzees and humans. There have been variable reports of the presence of the DS in humans, ranging from 12.75% to 85% of cerebral hemispheres (Amunts et al, 2004;Foundas et al, 2001;Galaburda and Geschwind, 1980;Germann et al, 2005;Keller et al, 2007Keller et al, , 2009bKnaus et al, 2007;Ono et al, 1990;Tomaiuolo et al, 1999). It is difficult to define the precise reason for this variance, but mistaken classification of Figure 4.…”

Section: Sulcal Identification and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability and asymmetry of the sulcal contours defining Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee brain

Keller

Deppe

Herbin

et al. 2012

J of Comparative Neurology

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There has been recent motivation to search for neuroanatomical asymmetries in nonhuman primates in order to provide comparative information on how the human brain is structurally organized to support specific cognitive capabilities, such as language functions. We took the opportunity to study Broca's area homologue in a novel sample of 80 preserved postmortem chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) cerebral hemispheres. Consistent with the only prior study documenting the morphology of Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee (Sherwood et al. [2003] Anat Rec 271:276–285), we report great interindividual variation in the structure and connections of the sulci investigated, most notably a left-sided bias in the bifurcation of the inferior precentral sulcus, an anatomical feature that occurs much more frequently in chimpanzees relative to humans. Consistent with our recent neuroimaging report (Keller et al. [2009b] J Neurosci 29:14607–14616), no population-based interhemispheric asymmetries of sulcal length existed that could be considered markers of the size of Broca's area homologue. With strict anatomical guidelines, we report that the diagonal sulcus was present in 25% left and 20% right chimpanzee hemispheres studied, which is substantially less that the general prevalence in humans. Through the presentation of schematic drawings, photographs, morphological recordings and sulcal length metrics, our data illustrate the interindividual variability of Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee and support the notion of no macroscopic asymmetry of this important homologous language brain region in one of the closest evolutionary ancestor to modern humans.

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Section: Methodological Issuessupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sulcal Identification and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variability and asymmetry of the sulcal contours defining Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee brain

Keller

Deppe

Herbin

et al. 2012

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…During this period, the appearance and growth of the gyri associated with the posterior and frontal areas, including perisylvian structures, occurs [62, 63]. These structures, including the planum temporal, pars triangularis, and the inferior frontal gyrus, are suggested to relate to language function [64, 65]. Furthermore, postmortem [66–68] and neuroimaging [69, 70] studies have found atypical perisylvian structures among children with developmental language difficulties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study

Jamnadass

Keelan

Hollier

et al. 2015

J Neurodevelop Disord

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BackgroundPrenatal androgen exposure has been hypothesized to be linked to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While previous studies have found a link between testosterone levels in amniotic fluid and autistic-like traits, a similar relationship has not been found for testosterone in umbilical cord blood. However, it may be the net biological activity of multiple androgens and estrogens that influences postnatal effects of prenatal sex steroids. Accordingly, composite levels of androgens (A) and estrogens (E) were investigated, along with their ratio, in relation to autistic-like traits in young adulthood.MethodsSex steroid data in umbilical cord blood were available from 860 individuals at delivery. Samples were analyzed for androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, and dehydroepiandrosterone) and estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol). Levels of bioavailable testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured and used to calculate A and E composites and the A to E ratio. Participants were approached in early adulthood to complete the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ) as a self-report measure of autistic-like traits, with 183 males (M = 20.10 years, SD = 0.65 years) and 189 females (M =19.92 years, SD = 0.68 years) providing data.ResultsMales exhibited significantly higher androgen composites and A to E composite ratios than females. Males also scored significantly higher on the details/patterns subscale of the AQ. Subsequent categorical and continuous analyses, which accounted for covariates, revealed no substantial relationships between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio and the AQ total or subscale scores.ConclusionsThe current study found no link between the A/E composites or the A to E ratio in cord blood and autistic-like traits in the population as measured by the AQ. These outcomes do not exclude the possibility that these sex steroid variables may predict other neurodevelopmental traits in early development.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9114-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Clinically and with respect to functional neuroimaging, speech and language are one of the most lateralized of all cerebral functions [1]. Their cortical areas are also some of the most asymmetrical in the brain [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry, Asymmetry and Variations of the Sylvian Fissure and Sulci Bordering and Within the Pars Triangularis and Pars Operculum: An Autopsy Study

Idowu

Soyemi

Atobatele

2014

JCDR

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Objective: Speech and Language, one of the most lateralized of all cerebral functions is located within the pars opercularis (PO) and pars triangularis (PT). There is also inter-hemispheric variability of the sulcal contours bordering these areas. The study was undertaken to note the morphometry, asymmetry and variations of the Sylvian fissure (SF), and the sulci bordering and within the PO and PT. Materials and Methods:An adult autopsy cadaveric study was carried. The measurements made amongst others, included fronto-occipital cerebral length, cerebral width, Sylvian fissure length, and anterior Sylvian point (ASP) to inferior Rolandic point distance. The PT and PO were also studied.

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Anatomical Asymmetries of Anterior Perisylvian Speech-Language Regions

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Variability and asymmetry of the sulcal contours defining Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee brain

Variability and asymmetry of the sulcal contours defining Broca's area homologue in the chimpanzee brain

The perinatal androgen to estrogen ratio and autistic-like traits in the general population: a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study

Morphometry, Asymmetry and Variations of the Sylvian Fissure and Sulci Bordering and Within the Pars Triangularis and Pars Operculum: An Autopsy Study

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