Anatomical and Functional Considerations about Dental Implants. Part I: Biology and Osseointegration

Abstract

Introduction: Bones are highly dynamic plastic structures that are constantly renewing, remodeling and adapting to the different conditions to which they are subjected throughout their life. Oral rehabilitation with osseo-integrated implants requires integrated planning essential for successful treatment. There are some important biological and mechanical aspects to be considered in relation to rehabilitation with implant systems. Objective: To perform a literature review to describe important biological biomechanical aspects to be considered in relation to oral rehabilitation with dental implants. Methodology: The research was carried out in five databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Scielo, and Google Scholar) using the variation of the search terms “Anatomy” and “Dental implants”, retrieving 1003 publications. Results: After reading the titles and abstracts, 91 texts were conducted for full reading and 18 publications were considered for data extraction and article synthesis. Conclusion: the knowledge of the quality of bone tissue and biological aspects is important for the Dental Surgeon to recover the aesthetics and functionality of the stomatognathic and phonetic system, providing a better quality of life to patients.