Anatomic variations of the superficial temporal artery

Rusu, Mugurel Constantin; Jianu, Adelina Maria; Rădoi, Petrinel Mugurel

doi:10.1007/s00276-020-02629-x

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The rest of the arteries were located laterally to the mandibular condyle (laterocondylar). The same study demonstrated the existence of kinking and coiling of the STA in 88.4% of the patients (17). Surgeons need to be aware of these structural variability to avoid injury during lateral approaches.…”

Section: Branching Patterns Of the Superficial Temporal Arterymentioning

confidence: 73%

The Superficial Temporal Artery

Daskalopoulou

Matsas

Chrysikos

et al. 2023

ama

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Objective. The aim of this review was to present the vascular pattern of the STA, as well as anatomical variations, and to accentuate the areas which should be taken into consideration during manipulations along the course of the artery.Background. The STA may be encountered during several aesthetic procedures on the face, and iatrogenic trauma could be an incriminating factor of diverse sequelae. The constant increase in demand for facial aesthetic procedures has rendered it imperative to maximize safety and patient satisfaction.Methods. We conducted a narrative literature review using the electronic databases of PubMed and Google Scholar, retrieving studies concerning the anatomy and variations of the STA. Moreover, we identified registered clinical cases presenting complications which involved the artery.Discussion. The anatomic morphology of the STA is described and classification systems summarized, on the basis of the studies retrieved. In addition, the STA is related to defined landmarks, and specific danger zones are emphasized. Finally, the clinical significance of the artery is reflected in registered cases of adverse events following specific aesthetic surgeries.Conclusion. Thorough knowledge of the anatomical variability of the STA, and awareness of the danger zones involved in aesthetic procedures, combined with intraoperative vigilance could increase safety and minimize the advent of relevant sequelae.

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Section: Branching Patterns Of the Superficial Temporal Arterymentioning

confidence: 73%

The Superficial Temporal Artery

Daskalopoulou

Matsas

Chrysikos

et al. 2023

ama

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“…The STA and STV typically bifurcate into frontal and parietal branches, but the absence of the parietal branches constitutes a known anatomic variation. Studies by Rusu et al [ 3 ] and Marano et al [ 11 ] reported this absence in 16.5% and 2% of cases, respectively. In such cases, the PAA or occipital artery, along with the PAV, takes over the vascular territory usually supplied by the parietal branch [ 12 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The parietal branch of the STA and STV is more commonly used in free flap scalp reconstructions than the frontal branch, primarily due to its proximity to the wound site and the low risk of facial nerve injury. However, a study by Rusu et al [ 3 ], which involved tomography angiograms of 43 patients, showed that the parietal branch of the STA was absent unilaterally in 16.3% of cases and bilaterally in 9.3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery and the postauricular vein to overcome anatomic variations of superficial temporal vessels in scalp reconstruction with free tissue transfer: a case report

Kim,

Park

2024

Arch Craniofac Surg

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The superficial temporal artery (STA) bifurcates into frontal and parietal branches. The parietal branch is used as a recipient vessel for scalp reconstruction, but it is absent in approximately 16.3% of individuals. In this case, a 72-year-old woman with an occipital scalp defect lacked both the parietal branch of the STA and the superficial temporal vein. To address this anatomic variation, we used the frontal branch of the STA and the posterior auricular vein as alternative recipient vessels for anterolateral thigh free flap reconstruction. The surgical procedure involved end-to-end microvascular anastomosis of one artery and one vein. Partial flap necrosis occurred postoperatively, but eventually resolved with debridement. The frontal branch of the STA and the posterior auricular vein can serve as reliable alternatives in the absence of the parietal branch. Reconstructive surgeons should be aware of anatomic variations of the STA and adapt their surgical approach accordingly.

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“…In the nasolabial fold area, the facial artery, ascending along the wrinkle lines, necessitates attention. In the mid-cheek area, critical landmarks include the premasseteric branch of the facial artery, tracing the anterior border of the masseter muscle, and the transverse facial artery, ascending subcutaneously beneath the zygomatic arch from the superficial temporal artery [29][30][31][32][33]. Furthermore, in the lateral face region, diligence is required to prevent injury to the ascending superficial temporal artery along the preauricular crease (Figure 12).…”

Section: Anatomical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Nasolabial Folds Appear? Exploring the Anatomical Perspectives and the Role of Thread-Based Interventions

Hong,

Song,

Park

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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The classification of nasolabial folds into three types, each with distinct causative factors and mechanisms, is explored. Age-related changes in facial skin and connective tissues are examined in detail, revealing variations across different facial regions due to variances in tissue firmness and thickness. The innovative ‘Reverse Technique,’ involving cog threads to enhance tissue traction and effectiveness in thread-lifting procedures, is introduced. Detailed technical guidelines, anatomical considerations, and safety measures are provided, emphasizing the importance of identifying optimal vectors and fixing points to achieve maximum lifting effects while minimizing potential risks, particularly those associated with vascular structures. Additionally, the ‘Cross Technique using volumizing thread’ is discussed, designed to smooth tissue boundaries and rejuvenate sagging areas. Facial anatomy, including the positioning of arteries and ligaments, is underscored as essential for ensuring the safety and efficacy of procedures. In conclusion, this review stands as a comprehensive guide for practitioners, offering insights into innovative thread-lifting methods and their applications in addressing nasolabial folds. The primary focus is on achieving optimal aesthetic results while prioritizing patient safety.

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Anatomic variations of the superficial temporal artery

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

The Superficial Temporal Artery

The Superficial Temporal Artery

Use of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery and the postauricular vein to overcome anatomic variations of superficial temporal vessels in scalp reconstruction with free tissue transfer: a case report

Why Do Nasolabial Folds Appear? Exploring the Anatomical Perspectives and the Role of Thread-Based Interventions

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