Anatomic variation of the relation between the facial nerve and the retromandibular vein during superficial parotidectomy: A rare case report

Zoulamoglou, Menelaos; Zarokosta, Maria; Kaklamanos, Ioannis; Piperos, Τheodoros; Flessas, Ioannis; Kakaviatos, Dimosthenis; Kalles, Vasileios; Bonatsos, Vasileios; Σγάντζος, Μάρκος; Mariolis‐Sapsakos, Theodoros

doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2017.10.006

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the current study, in 100% of cases, the cervical branch of the facial nerve was connected to the transverse cervical nerve. Variations of the cervical branch topography towards the retromandibular vein were reported by Zoulamoglou et al [ 27 ], who described a superficial course of the cervical and mandibular branches of the facial nerve towards the retromandibular vein. In the present study, two cases (2.7%) of a bizarre topographical variation in the cervical branch were revealed when, in the proximity of the retromandibular vein, it divided into two branches that surrounded the retromandibular vein in a ring fashion and then continued as a single cervical branch behind the vein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Variability of the Cervical Branch Depending on the Facial Nerve Branching Pattern and Anthropometric Type of the Head

Babuci,

Palarie,

Catereniuc

et al. 2024

Neurology International

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(1) Background: Considering that the specialty literature supplies only general data about the variability of the cervical branch of the facial nerve, this study aimed to determine this branch’s variation and individual peculiarities depending on the nerve branching pattern and anthropometric type of the head. (2) Methods: The study was conducted on 75 hemifaces of adult formalized cadavers. Ahead of anatomical dissection, each head was measured to establish the anthropometric type, according to Franco and colleagues. The branching patterns were then distributed according to the Davis classification. (3) Results: The number of cervical branches (CB) of the facial nerve varied from one to five branches, with the following rate: 1 CB (61.3%), 2 CB (28%), 3 CB (6.7%), 4 CB (2.7%), and 5 CB (1.3%). Seven branching patterns of the facial nerve were revealed: Type I in 18.7%, Type II in 14.7%, Type III in 20%, Type IV in 14.6%, Type V in 5.3%, Type VI in 18.7%, and Type NI in 8% (bizarre types). According to the branching pattern, the mean numbers of the cervical branches were as follows: Type I—1.6 ± 1.02; Type II—1.4 ± 0.50; Type III—1.4 ± 0.50; Type IV—1.4 ± 0.67; Type V—2.0 ± 1.41; Type VI—1.8 ± 1.12; and Type-NI—1.8 ± 0.75; p = 0.599. According to the anthropometric type of the head, the mean number of CB in the mesocephalic type (MCT) was 1.5 ± 0.82, in the dolichocephalic type (DCT), 1.7 ± 0.87, and in the brachycephalic type, (BCT) 1.8 ± 1.04; p = 0.668. (4) Conclusions: The cervical branch of the facial nerve varies depending on the facial nerve branching pattern and the anthropometric type of the head. The highest degree of variation was characteristic of BCT and Type V and the lowest, of MCT and Types II, III, and IV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Nevertheless, it is subject to numerical, topographical, and connection variants [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. In the current literature, the cervical branch has been reported to be a single branch (15%), a double branch (55%), or even three branches (30%) [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of the Cervical Branch Depending on the Facial Nerve Branching Pattern and Anthropometric Type of the Head

Babuci,

Palarie,

Catereniuc

et al. 2024

Neurology International

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“…[19] We believe that "unending and perpetual awareness" of the possible variations of anastomosis among facial nerve branches is the critical point to avoid facial nerve injury during parotidectomy. [20] The commonly used surgical landmarks such as the tragal pointer, the digastric muscle, the retromandibular vein, the mastoid processes, and the tympanomastoid suture should be followed as in a routine parotidectomy, but always considering unexpected nerve patterns. Also, the use of facial nerve monitoring during parotidectomy has been shown to reduce the incidence of postoperative facial paralysis and the duration of surgery especially in cases with recurrence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial nerve abnormality on parotidectomy for Warthin tumor in a case of aural atresia

Bınar¹

2018

Tr-ENT

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To our knowledge, the coexistence of Warthin tumor and ipsilateral aural atresia has not been reported before. This situation may affect facial nerve structure and present a surgically challenging situation during superficial parotidectomy. A 68-year-old woman with right aural atresia was operated on due to a parotid mass below the atretic ear. Computed tomography and intraoperative findings demonstrated unusual properties of the facial nerve: (i) Extratemporal beginning was more superiorly located, (ii) Facial trunk was relatively longer and more vertical, (iii) Buccal, marginal mandibular, and cervical branching from the unique ring structure of the facial nerve. All facial nerve branches were preserved after careful dissection and the lesion was completely excised. Final histopathologic diagnosis was Warthin tumor. In order to preserve the facial nerve during parotid surgery and to avoid morbidity, it is necessary for surgeons to be familiar with different types of extratemporal facial nerve anatomy especially in cases of additional anomalies such as aural atresia.

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“…After recognizing the arrangement and topography of the facial nerve and its critical importance for medical practice (ZOULAMOGLOU et al, 2017;TAKEZAWA;TOWNSEND and GHABRIEL, 2018), this paper aims to report a case of anatomical variation in which the dorsal buccal branch of the facial nerve perforated the parenchyma of the parotid lymph node in two hemiheads of sheep specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(GODINHO; CARDOSO and NASCIMENTO, 1981;GETTY, 1986;BUDRAS and HABEL, 2003;SINGH, 2018;KÖNIG and LIEBICH, 2020). Anatomical variations of the facial nerve have been reported in the human species (FARAHVASH et al, 2013;ZOULAMOGLOU et al, 2017) but rarely in domestic and wild animals. In Veterinary Medicine, the knowledge concerning this nerve is of fundamental importance for medical practice.…”

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confidence: 99%

Anatomical variation of the dorsal buccal branch of the facial nerve in sheep: a case report

Canedo

Magalhães²,

Ribeiro³

2021

Vet. Not.

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O sistema linfático é responsável, de modo geral, pela defesa do organismo pois protege o corpo contra macromoléculas exógenas e endógenas, além de microrganismos invasores. Alterações inflamatórias, de origem infecciosa ou tóxica, são vistas com grande frequência nos linfonodos. As linfadenites podem estar associadas à drenagem de uma determinada área inflamada do organismo, ser decorrentes da lesão primária dos linfonodos ou ocorrer como parte de uma doença multicêntrica. A linfadenite caseosa é uma doença importante em caprinos e ovinos, caracterizada pela formação de abcessos em linfonodos superficiais e, em menor frequência, em linfonodos internos e órgãos, considerada crônica, debilitante e infecto-contagiosa. Variações anatômicas são diferenças morfológicas entre organismos da mesma espécie. Nesse contexto, variações anatômicas relacionadas à linfonodos superficiais podem representar grande importância na ovinocaprinocultura.

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Anatomic variation of the relation between the facial nerve and the retromandibular vein during superficial parotidectomy: A rare case report

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Variability of the Cervical Branch Depending on the Facial Nerve Branching Pattern and Anthropometric Type of the Head

Variability of the Cervical Branch Depending on the Facial Nerve Branching Pattern and Anthropometric Type of the Head

Facial nerve abnormality on parotidectomy for Warthin tumor in a case of aural atresia

Anatomical variation of the dorsal buccal branch of the facial nerve in sheep: a case report

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