Anatomic Variation of Submental Artery: A Case of Submental Artery Coursing Through a Developmental Defect of Mylohyoid Muscle

Mucosal Melanoma of the Hard Palate: Surgical Treatment and Reconstruction

“…Relative contraindications to SIF harvesting are prior radiotherapy and the presence of metastatic lymph nodes in level IA–IB. Modifications of this flap have been described with the aim of incorporating a segment of the mandibular rim, of increasing arterial pedicle length with the reverse flow [ 39 , 40 ], and of increasing venous pedicle length with microvascular anastomosis (hybrid flap) [ 41 ]. As a result, this pedicled local flap is a good option for reconstructive processes of the head and neck region.…”

Mylohyoid Muscle: Current Understanding for Clinical Management—Part I: Anatomy and Embryology

“…Other variations of the mylohyoid muscle include anomalies in its origin or insertion, defects or abnormal morphology, and accessory muscle fibers. Abnormalities of origin or insertion have been reported in which the posterior fibers insert into the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, the anterior fibers insert into the anterior belly and intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, or the mylohyoid muscle inserts into the geniohyoid muscle through the pseudohyoid, which is tough and fibrous, instead of directly into the hyoid bone 29–31 . Reported defects or abnormal morphologies include the mylohyoid muscle being continuous with slips of either of the suprahyoid muscles or being absent and replaced by the anterior belly of the digastric muscle; or the right-sided and left-sided mylohyoid muscles being contiguous because the mylohyoid raphe is missing 30–32 .…”

“…Abnormalities of origin or insertion have been reported in which the posterior fibers insert into the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, the anterior fibers insert into the anterior belly and intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, or the mylohyoid muscle inserts into the geniohyoid muscle through the pseudohyoid, which is tough and fibrous, instead of directly into the hyoid bone. [29][30][31] Reported defects or abnormal morphologies include the mylohyoid muscle being continuous with slips of either of the suprahyoid muscles or being absent and replaced by the anterior belly of the digastric muscle; or the right-sided and left-sided mylohyoid muscles being contiguous because the mylohyoid raphe is missing. [30][31][32] Additional muscle fibers have been reported between the anterior belly of the digastric and the mylohyoid muscles, between the mylohyoid raphe and the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, or between the mylohyoid raphe and the bilateral anterior belly of the digastric muscle.…”