Anaplasma infections in ticks and reservoir host from Slovakia

Víchová, Bronislava; Majláthová, Viktória; Nováková, Mária; Stanko, Michał; Hviščová, Ivana; Pangrácová, Lucia; Chrudimský, Tomáš; Čurlík, Ján; Peťko, Branislav

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2013.06.003

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The presence of this bacterium in game has frequently been reported from different regions of Europe [19, 95], with varying prevalences depending on the host species, examined tissue, site, but also on the sensitivity of the detection method used. The infection rates of 100% in red deer, 95.4% in fallow deer, and 92.9% in roe deer estimated from our study are higher than values previously reported from Slovakia: red deer 17.5–53.1% [24, 57, 102]; fallow deer 66.7% [24], and roe deer 50–77% [24, 57, 102, 103]. The infection rates determined in this study are in the upper range of those confirmed by PCR in cervids from other countries of mainland Europe, where the values in red deer ranged between 1.5–86% [89, 104–114], in fallow deer between 1.5–72.5% [42, 105, 106, 108, 110, 112, 115, 116] and in roe deer between 9.6–98.9% [38, 42, 89, 105–113, 117–120].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFree-living ungulates are hosts of ixodid ticks and reservoirs of tick-borne microorganisms in central Europe and many regions around the world. Tissue samples and engorged ticks were obtained from roe deer, red deer, fallow deer, mouflon, and wild boar hunted in deciduous forests of south-western Slovakia. DNA isolated from these samples was screened for the presence of tick-borne microorganisms by PCR-based methods.ResultsTicks were found to infest all examined ungulate species. The principal infesting tick was Ixodes ricinus, identified on 90.4% of wildlife, and included all developmental stages. Larvae and nymphs of Haemaphysalis concinna were feeding on 9.6% of wildlife. Two specimens of Dermacentor reticulatus were also identified. Ungulates were positive for A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was found to infect 96.1% of cervids, 88.9% of mouflon, and 28.2% of wild boar, whereas Theileria spp. was detected only in cervids (94.6%). Importantly, a high rate of cervids (89%) showed mixed infections with both these microorganisms. In addition to A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp., Rickettsia helvetica, R. monacensis, unidentified Rickettsia sp., Coxiella burnetii, “Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis”, Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) and Babesia venatorum were identified in engorged I. ricinus. Furthermore, A. phagocytophilum, Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. were detected in engorged H. concinna. Analysis of 16S rRNA and groEL gene sequences revealed the presence of five and two A. phagocytophilum variants, respectively, among which sequences identified in wild boar showed identity to the sequence of the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). Phylogenetic analysis of Theileria 18S rRNA gene sequences amplified from cervids and engorged I. ricinus ticks segregated jointly with sequences of T. capreoli isolates into a moderately supported monophyletic clade.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that free-living ungulates are reservoirs for A. phagocytophilum and Theileria spp. and engorged ixodid ticks attached to ungulates are good sentinels for the presence of agents of public and veterinary concern. Further analyses of the A. phagocytophilum genetic variants and Theileria species and their associations with vector ticks and free-living ungulates are required.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-3068-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

et al. 2018

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“…It has been detected in Mongolia [12], China [6,12,13], Japan [1,14], Russia [4,5,15,16], the Czech Republic [9,17,18], Slovakia [19][20][21], Moldova [22], Hungary [23][24][25], Austria [18,26], Germany [11,[27][28][29][30][31][32], Switzerland [33][34][35][36][37], Poland [38,39], Romania [40], France [28,41,42], Belgium [43], Italy [44][45][46], Spain [47], The Netherlands [3,42,43,48], and the Scandinavian countries [2,…”

Section: The Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections with the tick-borne bacterium Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis

Wennerås

2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, which has rodents as its natural hosts, is an emerging tick-borne pathogen in Europe and Asia. This intracellular bacterium causes the infectious disease neoehrlichiosis. Immunocompromised patients may contract a severe form of neoehrlichiosis with high fever and vascular/thromboembolic events. As it is not detected with routine culture-based methods, neoehrlichiosis is underdiagnosed.

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“…Previous studies based on means of molecular analyses showed 3.27% prevalence of CAG in D. repens infected dogs (Víchová et al 2014b). On the other hand, only one of 137 dogs suspected or having non-specific febrile disease was CAG positive (Víchová et al 2014a). The screenings of I. ricinus ticks revealed the overall prevalence of A. phagocytophilum in eastern Slovakia between 1.4% and more than 5.5% (Pangrácová et al 2013;Víchová et al 2014a); in northern part of the country 7.8% of collected ticks were infected (Derdáková et al 2011).…”

Section: Anaplasma Phagocytophylum and Borrellia Burgdorferi Sl Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agents of both infections were detected in all the countries of Central Europe, either in definitive hosts, tickvectors or humans. In Slovakia, A. phagocytophilum was detected in I. ricinus and several species of domestic and wild animals (Štefanidesová et al 2008;Víchová et al 2014a). Only one case of human granulocytic anaplasmosis has been confirmed in Slovakia until now (Nováková et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent study on canine vector-borne zoonoses in southern Slovakia – serologic survey

Čabanová

Pantchev

Hurníková

et al. 2015

Acta Parasitologica

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Over the last decade a significant spread of Canine Vector Borne Diseases has been recorded in Central Europe. The aim of the study described here, was to collect current data on the occurrence and distribution of three major canine vector-borne pathogens in the veterinary clinical practice by a newly-developed commercial ELISA test for the detection of Dirofilaria immitis antigen as well as specific circulating antibodies to Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. Circulating D. immitis antigen was detected in five of 180 investigated sera samples. Two of D. immitis seropositive dogs revealed also microfilariae of D. repens in the blood and three of them were negative for the presence of microfilariae in the Knott's test. From the practical point of view, the finding of D. immitis occult infections might influence existing knowledge about distribution of this species among dogs in Central European countries. In 11.7% of the tested dogs the presence of specific antibodies against A. phagocytophilum was confirmed. Antibodies against B. burgdorferi s.l. were detected in 2.8% of tested sera samples. Coinfection with A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi s.l. was observed in two dogs from Košice district in south-eastern Slovakia. Our data point toward the presence of Canine Vector Borne Diseases in the studied area. Therefore, veterinarians should include these diseases in their differential diagnosis and higher awareness should be focused also on prophylactic measures to prevent the pathogens transmission by arthropod vectors.

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Anaplasma infections in ticks and reservoir host from Slovakia

Cited by 53 publications

References 53 publications

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

Diverse tick-borne microorganisms identified in free-living ungulates in Slovakia

Infections with the tick-borne bacterium Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis

Recent study on canine vector-borne zoonoses in southern Slovakia – serologic survey

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