Anaphylaxis and Histamine Release in the Rabbit

Schächter, M

doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1953.tb01339.x

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…An alternative possibility, that gunaethidine has a direct effect on histamine receptors is unlikely from consideration of its chemical structure (Barlow, 1964), and from the absence of effect of the drug on the isolated ileum and the adrenal pouch preparation (Mongar & Schild, 1952;Paton, 1957;Athos, McHugh, Fineberg & Hilton, 1962 (Riley, 1959 and personal observations). The latter is in accord with the absence of increase in [3H]-histamine by compound 48/80 in the rabbit, which is in agreement with the results of Schachter (1953) and of Papacostas & Loew (1959). Histamine release from rat mast cells is unaffected by burimamide, but we have not investigated in the present study whether burimamide alters [3H]-histamine release from the hindlimb.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Guanethidine‐induced Vasodilatation in the Rabbit, Mediated by Endogenous Histamine

Angus

Bobik

et al. 1978

British J Pharmacology

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1 The effects of guanethidine (0.5-4 mg/kg i.v.) on arterial pressure, hindlimb blood flow and hindlimb vascular resistance (HVR) were studied in unanaesthetized rabbits subjected to 'total' autonomic block. 2 Evidence that this response was mediated by histamine release was that (a) 3H-labelled histamine levels in the hindlimb venous blood rose substantially after guanethidine; (b) infusion of exogenous histamine caused an inhibition of the guanethidine-induced vasodilatation; and (c) competitive antagonism of the response was obtained with the H2-antagonist burimamide. 3 There was good correlation between the [3H]-histamine release and the time course of the vasodilator response. Glyceryl trinitrate infusions that lowered HVR substantially, did not cause release of histamine. 4 Reserpine, desipramine and indomethacin pretreatment did not alter the vasodilator response to guanethidine. 5 The guanethidine vasodilator response was not influenced by the H1-antagonist mepyramine or by the other H2-antagonists, metiamide or cimetidine. The vascular receptors stimulated by endogenous histamine may be distinctive from those stimulated by exogenous histamine, or the action of guanethidine may involve greater production of histamine at an intracellular site that is more readily reached by burimamide than by the other H2-antagonists.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Guanethidine‐induced Vasodilatation in the Rabbit, Mediated by Endogenous Histamine

Angus

Bobik

et al. 1978

British J Pharmacology

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“…The experiments outlined below for serotonin are similar to those that were previously used to demonstrate the changes in blood histamine which occur during anaphylactic shock (9)(10)(11)(12). Simultaneous determinations for both serotonin and histamine were carried out for comparative purposes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Because of this difference, it has even been suggested that histamine release might not be an important factor in anaphylaxis in the rabbit. It was only recently that Schachter (12) found that histamine was released into plasma during anaphylaxis in the rabbit. The present findings confirm not only the drop in the whole blood histamine, but also its release into plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and Histamine Release During Anaphylaxis in the Rabbit

Waalkes¹,

Weissbach²,

Bozicevich³

et al. 1957

J. Clin. Invest.

164

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The release of physiologically active substances in animal tissues during anaphylaxis has been a subject of considerable interest for many years. Most of this interest has centered on the release of histamine from a bound to a free form, the latter being capable of producing marked physiological changes (1). However, despite the toxicity which can be attributed to histamine, attempts to explain all the alterations seen in anaphylaxis on the basis of histamine release alone have been unsatisfactory (2).Many of the effects produced by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in animals (3) resemble the manifestations of hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, patients with malignant carcinoid, a syndrome (4) in which there is present an excessive amount of serotonin, frequently show symptoms resembling those of an allergic process.. These findings have suggested that this amine may play a role in anaphylaxis and other allergic phenomena.Serotonin is found in the blood platelets of animals and man (5). Anaphylaxis is known to produce profound changes in these blood cells (6). Recently, Humphrey and Jaques (7) showed that both serotonin and histamine were released from platelets upon addition of purified antigen and antibody to normal rabbit platelets suspended in plasma. Also, Herxheimer (8) reported that in guinea pigs an interrelationship exists between desensitization and tolerance to serotonin.The present study was designed to determine whether serotonin is released during anaphylaxis. The experiments outlined below for serotonin are similar to those that were previously used to demonstrate the changes in blood histamine which occur during anaphylactic shock (9-12). Simultaneous determinations for both serotonin and histamine were carried out for comparative purposes. In this work, it has been shown that both amines appear in a free form in the plasma when a specific antigen is injected into sensitized rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe rabbit was chosen for these experiments for several reasons: (a) the large amounts of both serotonin and histamine carried in the blood platelets, (b) the ease of obtaining serial blood samples, and (c) the ability of the rabbit to produce adequate amounts of antibody.Male rabbits (1.5 Kg.) were sensitized to either egg albumin or horse serum. Those sensitized to egg albumin were given 10 ml. of a 10 per cent solution in saline intraperitoneally every other day for four injections. Those sensitized to horse serum were given 1 ml. of the undiluted serum intraperitoneally every day for six days. Ater three to five weeks, the rabbits were used as indicated. At this time, complement fixation antibody titers were high.Siliconized glassware was employed wherever whole blood had to be handled. Blood for the in ritro studies was obtained by intracardiac puncture. Blood samples for the in vivo studies were obtained by means of a plastic tube inserted into the carotid artery.Both serotonin and histamine were determined in all samples of plasma and whole blood. For plasma, 2 ml. were treated accord...

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“…In the artificial conditions of perfusion, however, it would not be surprising if pharmacologically active substances were released from the rabbit's tissues or the perfusion fluid. Histamine is readily liberated from the rabbit's ear (Schachter, 1953) and since dextran is known to release histamine from other tissues-e.g. rabbit's blood (Haining, 1955)-it is possible that perfusion of the ear with a fluid containing dextran might cause histamine liberation.…”

Section: Minmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidromic vasodilatation in the isolated perfused ear of the rabbit

Holton¹

1956

The Journal of Physiology

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Anaphylaxis and Histamine Release in the Rabbit

Cited by 31 publications

References 30 publications

Guanethidine‐induced Vasodilatation in the Rabbit, Mediated by Endogenous Histamine

Guanethidine‐induced Vasodilatation in the Rabbit, Mediated by Endogenous Histamine

Serotonin and Histamine Release During Anaphylaxis in the Rabbit

Antidromic vasodilatation in the isolated perfused ear of the rabbit

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