Anaphylactic Shock With the Partial Antigen of the Tubercle Bacillus

Enders, John F.

doi:10.1084/jem.50.6.777

Cited by 32 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…The negative character of protein tests would indicate, however, that very little, if any, of the nitrogen is present as protein. The above results, furthermore, are in harmony with those of Tomcsik (12), Tomcsik and Kurotchkin (13), Lancefield (14), Avery and Tillett (15), and Enders (16), who found that bacterial carbohydrates, nitrogenfree in the case of Types II and III pneumococci, had the property of producing anaphylactic shock in guinea pigs passively sensitized with rabbit immune serums prepared against the corresponding organisms. Analogous results with monilia soluble substance are presented in the preceding paper (2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Hypersensitiveness to Soluble Specific Substances From Yeast-Like Fungi

Mott

Kesten

1931

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The preeipitability by antisera of carbohydrate fractions prepared from several of the yeast-like fungi as described in a previous report from this laboratory (1), and the ability of these fractions to induce anaphylacfie death in sensitized animals as reported in the preceding paper (2), are to be looked upon as examples of immune reactions with non-antigenic haptens. As already briefly reported (3), another reaction of the same type consists in eliciting an inflammatory response in a previously locally sensitized eye by subsequent intravenous administration of the carbohydrate fraction derived from the sensitizing organism.In various studies of sympathetic ophthalmia, attempts have been made to produce an inflammatory reaction in a previously locally sensitized eye, as well as the opposite eye, bysystemic administration of the homologous antigen. Kfimreel (4) injected serum or uveal emulsion into the vitreous humor of one eye and subsequently reactivated the eye by subcutaneous or intravenous injection of the same antigen. Fuchs and Meller (5) reported the production of an iritis by intravenous injection of human serum into an animal sensitized intraocularly 35 days previously. The reaction took place, however, in only one animal of the series used. Schoenberg (6) injected human serum into the anterior chamber of rabbits, followed in 2 weeks by intravenous injection of the same antigen. This, as well as a similar experiment using tuberculin, was negative. Von Szily (7), working with Arisawa, injected foreign serum between the layers of the rabbit's cornea. Later, with all inflammation absent, intravenous injection of the same antigen caused an "anaphylactic keratitis" in the sensitized eye. Subsequently however, yon Szily (8) injected relatively pure pigment from the uveal tract of cattle into the vitreous humor of rabbits. Intravenous injection of large amounts of the same pigment 3 weeks later was without effect. A similar experiment by 815

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Hypersensitiveness to Soluble Specific Substances From Yeast-Like Fungi

Mott

Kesten

1931

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…Several authors have succeeded in performing passive transfer of sensitivity to guinea pigs with rabbit antibacterial serum, and in shocking them with the corresponding carbohydrates. In this respect the investigations of Avery and Tillett (1929) with pneumococci and of Enders (1929) with tubercle bacilli are especially interesting. In our work, passive sensitization permitted us to demonstrate in guinea pigs, and to some extent in mice, desensitization with small doses of NPD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Study of Sensitivity toHemophilus pertussisin Laboratory Animals

Parfentjev¹,

Goodline²,

Virion³

1947

J Bacteriol

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“…Some evidence has accumulated to suggest that this anaphylactic type response is elicited by tuberculopolysaccharide, whereas the delayed sensitivity pattern is caused by tuberculoprotein. Enders (17) found that, in guinea pigs actively or passively sensitized to tubercle bacilli, the tuberculopolysaccharide of Mueller (18) evoked positive Schultz-Dale reactions and anaphylaxis. On the other hand, a large body of evidence, well summarized by Drea and Andrejew (19), indicates that the delayed type of tuberculin reaction is in response to a protein material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between Plasma Protein Fractions, Antibody Titers, and the Passive Transfer of Delayed and Immediate Cutaneous Reactivity to Tuberculin PPD and Tuberculopolysaccharides

Cole

Favour

1955

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Delayed or tuberculin type sensitivity is characterized by the progressive development of an inflammatory reaction at the site of tuberculin deposits. This reaction reaches its peak after 24 hours and when intense is marked by tissue necrosis. The term, delayed, best applies to the gross appearance of the reaction since time lapse movies of this process (1) indicate that the reaction begins after a few minutes. Within several hours the gross reaction is marked by induration, erythema, and some edema. Histological studies of these changes, according to Dienes and Mallory (2), are characterized by a predominant round cell infiltration, vascular engorgement, and by variable amounts of polymorphonuclear infiltration. In contradistinction, Follis (3) found that polymorphonuclear leucocytes predominate.Many efforts to show that this type response is due to a circulating antibody have been unsuccessful. Passive transfer of tuberculin type allergy by serum has been reported only once (4). Rich and Lewis found that tissue cultures of spleen, bone marrow, and peripheral blood cells from animals sensitized to tuberculin were injured by high concentrations of tuberculin (5). Moen and Swift (6) found that this cellular sensitivity is disease-specific. These in vitro observations have been the basis for the befief that delayed type allergy is cellular rather than humoral in the usual sense applied to immune responses.There are certain features of tissue culture studies on tuberculin sensitivity which "should be mentioned. Not all workers have been able to repeat these findings (7). Cultures of dermal cells (8) are quite insensitive to tuberculin in extraordinary amounts compared to those which cause brisk cutaneous tuberculin reactions. A similar lack of correlation between degrees of cutaneous sensitivity in the host and the noxious effect of tuberculin in

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Anaphylactic Shock With the Partial Antigen of the Tubercle Bacillus

Cited by 32 publications

References 2 publications

Hypersensitiveness to Soluble Specific Substances From Yeast-Like Fungi

Hypersensitiveness to Soluble Specific Substances From Yeast-Like Fungi

A Study of Sensitivity toHemophilus pertussisin Laboratory Animals

Correlations Between Plasma Protein Fractions, Antibody Titers, and the Passive Transfer of Delayed and Immediate Cutaneous Reactivity to Tuberculin PPD and Tuberculopolysaccharides

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