Anammox sludge immobilized in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) cryogel carriers

Enrichment of ANAMMOX bacteria from conventional activated sludge entrapped in poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium alginate gel

“…Thus, synthetic polymers are more applicable to wastewater treatment given their long durability and good endurance against stress caused by aeration and/or agitation. For example, synthetic polymers of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) have been utilized for the entrapment of ANAMMOX bacteria [25,29,30].…”

Effects of the C/N ratio and bacterial populations on nitrogen removal in the simultaneous anammox and heterotrophic denitrification process: Mathematic modeling and batch experiments

“…The population balance of anammox bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria should be controlled for maintaining the stability of the SAD process during long-term operation. It was reported that immobilization methods for anammox bacteria were important to prevent wash-out and loss of the anammox activity in sequencing batch reactors and continuous reactors [8,28]. On the other hand, the biomass of denitrifying bacteria could be controlled at a stable level by sludge withdrawal [8].…”

Comparison of nitrogen removal efficiency on process stability for granular and immobilized anammox bacteria

“…Quan et al, 2011;Yan et al, 2009;Takei et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2011;kimura et al, 2013 Takei et al, 2011;Quan et al, 2010;Magrí et al, 2012). Quan et al, (2010) …”