Anammox bacteria disguised as denitrifiers: nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas via nitrite and ammonium

Kartal, Boran; Kuypers, Marcel M. M.; Lavik, Gaute; Schalk, J.A.C.; Camp, Huub J. M. Op den; Jetten, Mike S. M.; Strous, Marc

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01183.x

Cited by 476 publications

(352 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis is a salt-and alkaline-resistant bacterium Strous et al 2006), and it was detected mostly in wastewater treatment system (Egli et al 2001;Schmid et al 2000). Previous research showed that anammox diversity was usually low in an ecosystem (Schmid et al 2007;Kartal et al 2007). In our bioreactor, anammox bacteria detected by qPCR accounted for 0.27 % of total bacteria, and the value was higher than that from the pyrosequencing method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen removal through different pathways in an aged refuse bioreactor treating mature landfill leachate

Xie

et al. 2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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In this study, an aged refuse bioreactor was constructed to remove nitrogen in a mature landfill leachate. The nitrogen removal efficiency and the microbial community composition in the bioreactor were investigated. The results showed that the aged refuse bioreactor removed more than 90 % of total nitrogen in the leachate under the nitrogen loading rate (NLR) of 0.74 g/kg (vs) day, and the total nitrogen removal rate decreased to 62.2 % when NLR increased up to 2.03 g/kg (vs) day. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed that the average cell number of ammoniaoxidizing bacteria in the bioreactor was 1.58×10 8 cells/g, which accounted for 0.41 % of total bacteria. The number of anammox bacteria in the reactor was 1.09×10 8 cells/g, which accounted for 0.27 % of total bacteria. Isotopic 15 N tracing experiments showed that nearly 10 % of nitrogen was removed by anammox. High-throughout 454 pyrosequencing revealed that the predominant bacteria in the bioreactor were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Gemmatimonadetes, including various nitrifiers and denitrifiers with diverse heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolic pathways, supporting that nitrogen was removed through different pathways in this aged refuse bioreactor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen removal through different pathways in an aged refuse bioreactor treating mature landfill leachate

Xie

et al. 2012

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…This process has long been known to occur in sediments (Sørensen, 1978), and it has recently been observed in the water column of the Namibian oxygen minimum zone (Kartal et al, 2007). In the water column, DNRA may provide up to 100% of the ammonium utilized by anammox bacteria (Kartal et al, 2007;Lam et al, 2009), while in some coastal settings, DNRA is thought to be responsible for ~30% of all nitrate reduction (Giblin et al, 2013). It is therefore an important biogeochemical process.…”

Section: Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium (Dnra)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of Earth's biogeochemical nitrogen cycle

Stüeken

Kipp

Koehler

et al. 2016

Earth-Science Reviews

308

287

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Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for all life on Earth and it acts as a major control on biological productivity in the modern ocean. Accurate reconstructions of the evolution of life over the course of the last four billion years therefore demand a better understanding of nitrogen bioavailability and speciation through time. The biogeochemical nitrogen cycle has evidently been closely tied to the redox state of the ocean and atmosphere. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that the Earth"s surface has passed in a non-linear fashion from an anoxic state in the Hadean to an oxic state in the later Phanerozoic. It is therefore likely that the nitrogen cycle has changed markedly over time, with potentially severe implications for the productivity and evolution of the biosphere. Here we compile nitrogen isotope data from the literature and review our current understanding of the evolution of the nitrogen cycle, with particular emphasis on the Precambrian. Combined with recent work on redox conditions, trace metal availability, sulfur and iron cycling on the early Earth, we then use the nitrogen isotope record as a platform to test existing and new hypotheses about biogeochemical pathways that may have controlled nitrogen availability through time. Among other things, we conclude that (a) abiotic nitrogen sources were likely insufficient to sustain a large biosphere, thus favoring an early origin of biological N 2 fixation, (b) evidence of nitrate in the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic confirm current views of increasing surface oxygen levels at those times, (c) abundant ferrous iron and sulfide in the midPrecambrian ocean may have affected the speciation and size of the fixed nitrogen reservoir, and (d) nitrate availability alone was not a major driver of eukaryotic evolution.

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“…Five Candidatus genera of anammox bacteria have been described: Brocadia (Kartal et al 2008), Kuenenia (Schmid et al 2000), Scalindua (Schmid et al 2003;Kuypers et al 2005), Anammoxoglobus (Kartal et al 2007), and Jettenia (Quan et al 2008). Each of these genera has been detected in coastal estuaries .…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

Yang

Weng

et al. 2017

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Despite its importance, anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) in estuarine sediment systems remains poorly understood, particularly at the continental scale. This study aimed to understand the abundance, diversity, and activity of anammox bacteria and to determine the main factors influencing the anammox process in estuarine sediments in China. Materials and methods Estuarine sediments were collected from 18 estuaries spanning over 4000 km. Experiments using an 15 N-tracer, quantitative PCR, and clone library construction were used to determine the activity, abundance, and diversity of anammox bacteria. The impact of environmental factors on anammox processes was also determined.Results and discussion The abundance of the anammoxspecific hydrazine synthase (hzsB) gene ranged from 1.8 × 10 5 ± 3.4 × 10 4 to 3.6 × 10 8 ± 7.5 × 10 7 copies g −1 dw. Candidatus Scalindua, Brocadia, Kuenenia, Jettenia, and two novel unidentified clusters were detected, with Scalindua dominating the anammox population. Additionally, the abundances of Scalindua, Kuenenia, and Brocadia were found to be significantly correlated with latitude. The anammox rates ranged from 0.29 ± 0.15 to 13.68 ± 3.98 nmol N g −1 dw h −1 and contributed to 2.39-82.61% of total N 2 production. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the anammox rate was positively correlated with total nitrogen, total carbon, and temperature, and was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen (DO). The key factors influencing the hzsB gene abundance were ammonium concentration, salinity, and DO. Ammonium concentration, pH, temperature, and latitude were main variables shaping the anammox-associated bacterial community. Conclusions Our results suggested that anammox bacteria are ubiquitous in coastal estuaries in China and underline the importance of anammox resulting in N loss at a continental scale.

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Anammox bacteria disguised as denitrifiers: nitrate reduction to dinitrogen gas via nitrite and ammonium

Cited by 476 publications

References 34 publications

Nitrogen removal through different pathways in an aged refuse bioreactor treating mature landfill leachate

Nitrogen removal through different pathways in an aged refuse bioreactor treating mature landfill leachate

The evolution of Earth's biogeochemical nitrogen cycle

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

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