Analyzing the Level of Knowledge, Food Consumption Diversity, and Nutritional Intake on Chronic Energy Deficiency among Pregnant Women in Stunting Prevention

Abstract

A long-term imbalance in macronutrient intake, such as energy and protein intake, might result in chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women. Several factors can impact pregnancy such as knowledge level, socio-economic status, marriage, education, family economics, and marital status. Chronic energy deficiency in pregnant women can result in a low birth weight, which is then linked to stunting. The aim of this research is to find out the relationship between the level of knowledge, food consumption diversity, and nutritional intake in pregnant women who reside in the area of this cross-sectional quantitative research. By using chi-square analysis, the result of these variables was determined. The result shows that the factors relate to energy deficiency in pregnant women with the details as knowledge with p-value = 0.0002, food variation with p-value = 0.0003, energy intake with p-value = 0.0022, protein consumption with p-value = 0.051, and fat with p-value = 0.005. However, the consumption of carbohydrates, lipids, vitamin IC, folic acid, iron, calcium, and iodine do have an effect but to the minimum extent in regards to chronic energy deficiency of pregnant women.