Analyzing the Characteristics and Evolution of Chinese Enterprises’ Outward Forward Direct Investment Host Country Network

Zhang, Xiaoling; Tang, Decai; Bethel, Brandon J.

doi:10.3390/su13179824

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…China's OFDI can not only directly impact the carbon emissions of countries along the route. It can also indirectly affect carbon emissions through economic scale growth, industrial structure adjustment, and technology progress [27,28]. A diagram representing these effects is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Influence Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Emissions Effect of China’s OFDI on Countries along the “Belt and Road”

Tao²,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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With the continuous practice of the “Belt and Road” initiative, the countries along the “Belt and Road” have achieved rapid social and economic development. However, environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Around the world, there are comments that China’s “Belt and Road” initiative is a result of resource plundering, transfer of backward production capacity, and environmental degradation of countries along the line. This study quantitatively evaluated the static, dynamic, linear, and non-linear effects of China’s foreign direct investment on the carbon emissions of countries along the line. The results showed that: (1) The direct effect of China’s foreign direct investment on the carbon emissions of countries along the route was significantly negative. (2) The economic scale and industrial structure effects of China’s foreign direct investment increased the carbon emissions of countries along the route. The production technology effect suppressed the carbon emissions of countries along the route and played a leading role. (3) The estimation results of the system generalized method of moments showed that the carbon emissions of countries along the route were significantly affected by the lag period, but the impact was small. (4) The results of the threshold regressive model showed that the GDP and proportion of industrial added value had significant threshold effects on the carbon emissions effect of China’s outward foreign direct investment. When the GDP of countries along the route exceeded 7.2696, China’s outward foreign direct investment carbon emissions reduction effect could not be realized; when the proportion of the industrial added value of countries along the route was lower than 4.0106, China’s outward foreign direct investment carbon emission reduction effect could not be realized. Based on the research conclusion, we concluded that China and countries along the “Belt and Road” should strengthen cooperation on carbon emissions reduction, jointly promote low-carbon construction of industrial parks, accelerate cooperation on green energy projects, and establish a green development fund to achieve sustainable development of the countries along the “Belt and Road”.

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Section: Influence Mechanism Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Carbon Emissions Effect of China’s OFDI on Countries along the “Belt and Road”

Tao²,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…At the macro country level, Liu et al [ 15 ] introduce panel threshold regression models to investigate the OFDI–green innovation relationship of China from the home country’s perspective and decompose the relationship into scale, composition, and technique effects. Li et al, Zhang et al and Tang et al [ 56 , 57 , 58 ] theoretically analyze and empirically test the impact of OFDI on the home country’s global value chain upgrading. Luo et al [ 59 ] claim that OFDI might lead to massive investment and a long-term investment cycle, given the total financial constraints; this may, in turn, decrease the R&D investment of a certain company, thus, hindering the green innovation activities of the enterprise.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Environmental Regulations and Outward Foreign Direct Investment Impact the Green Total Factor Productivity in China? A Mediating Effect Test Based on Provincial Panel Data

Tang

Shan

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This paper investigates the impact of two types of environmental regulations (ERs), command-and-control environmental regulation (CACER) and market-incentive environmental regulation (MIER), on green total factor productivity (GTFP) through outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in 30 provinces in China for the period of 2006–2019. The Global Malmquist–Luenberger (GML) Index based on non-radial directional distance function (NDDF) considering undesired outputs is used to measure GTFP growth at the provincial level. To explore the mediating effect of OFDI, the two-step econometric model and the non-linear mediating effect model are employed. The empirical results show that CACER has an inverted U-shaped impact on OFDI and a U-shaped impact on GTFP, while MIER has a linearly positive effect on OFDI and GTFP. The current intensity of CACER lies on the left side of the inflection point of the U-shaped curve. OFDI significantly positively influences the increase in GTFP and is a significant mediating variable in the relationship between ERs and GTFP. Moreover, the introduction of OFDI delays the appearance of the inflection point. Further analysis, taking into account the regional heterogeneity, indicates that the inverted U-shaped and U-shaped curve is still valid in the eastern and western area and that the mediating effect of OFDI on ERs in the western area is stronger than that in the eastern area. Based on these conclusions, policy implications are provided to improve GTFP in China.

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“…Long-term economic development has enabled non-state enterprises in Jiangsu Province to develop well and have the strength to carry out OFDI. Compared with OFDI by stateowned enterprises, there are obvious market-seeking characteristics in the OFDI process of these enterprises, and there is an obvious preference for countries with good investment systems and industrial bases [20][21][22]. OFDI generates technology spillover to the home country, but this spillover effect is limited by economic development, financial development, and economic openness.…”

Section: Research On Ofdi In Jiangsu Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

“…"Automobile, railway, ship, aerospace and other transportation equipment manufacturing" are combined into "transportation equipment manufacturing". The final 30 manufacturing industry segments were obtained, namely: (1) agricultural and sideline food processing industry, (2) food manufacturing industry, (3) beverage manufacturing industry, (4) textile industry, (5) textile garment, shoes and hats manufacturing industry, (6) leather, fur, feather (down) and its products industry, (7) wood processing and wood, bamboo, rattan, palm and grass products industry, (8) furniture manufacturing industry, (9) paper and paper products industry, (10) printing industry and reproduction of recording media, (11) education and sports goods manufacturing industry, (12) petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, (13) chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry, (14) pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, (15) chemical fiber manufacturing, (16) rubber products industry, (17) plastic products industry, (18) non-metallic mineral products industry, (19) ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, (20) non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry, (21) metal products industry, (22) general equipment manufacturing, (23) special equipment manufacturing, (24) transportation equipment manufacturing, (25) Electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, (26) Communication equipment, computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, (27) Instrument and cultural and office machinery manufacturing industry, (28) Handicraft and other manufacturing industry, (29) Waste resources and waste materials recycling and processing industry, and (30) Electricity and heat production and supply industry. This paper uses the numbers 1-30 to indicate the above 30 industries; for example, 1 indicates the agriculture and food processing industry.…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of OFDI Industry Linkage Network Based on Grey Incidence: Taking the Jiangsu Manufacturing Industry as an Example

Tang

Boamah

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Based on the outward direct investment data of each manufacturing industry segment in Jiangsu Province from 2000 to 2020, this paper establishes a correlation network by constructing a grey incidence model with the average value of absolute grey incidence as the threshold. We further analyze the relationship between each manufacturing industry segment in Jiangsu Province in the process of outward direct investment from two perspectives, namely, point and surface. The study shows that from the perspective of each node, the correlation coefficient between equipment manufacturing and other industries is significantly higher, i.e., the influence of equipment manufacturing on other industries is significantly greater. Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, general equipment manufacturing, special equipment manufacturing, and transportation equipment manufacturing are the important nodes in the network. From the perspective of the network as a whole, the Jiangsu manufacturing OFDI affiliation network is not concentrated. Still, it has small-world characteristics, which are conducive to disseminating information. In contrast, the close nature of the industry has more commonalities, leading to it being more easily divided into the same module in the network block model analysis.

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Analyzing the Characteristics and Evolution of Chinese Enterprises’ Outward Forward Direct Investment Host Country Network

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

The Carbon Emissions Effect of China’s OFDI on Countries along the “Belt and Road”

The Carbon Emissions Effect of China’s OFDI on Countries along the “Belt and Road”

How Do Environmental Regulations and Outward Foreign Direct Investment Impact the Green Total Factor Productivity in China? A Mediating Effect Test Based on Provincial Panel Data

Analysis of OFDI Industry Linkage Network Based on Grey Incidence: Taking the Jiangsu Manufacturing Industry as an Example

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