Analyzing Renewable Energy Sources of a Developing Country for Sustainable Development: An Integrated Fuzzy Based-Decision Methodology

Abstract

Global human pollutant activities have raised greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which have directly affected the climate. Fossil fuel-based energy has brought a negative impact on the environment and is considered one of the largest sources of GHG emissions. It is envisaged that GHG emissions will increase in the future due to rapid population growth and industrialization. Thus, it is imperative to mitigate climate variability and reduce GHGs by adopting renewable energy (RE) sources for electricity generation. In this regard, the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) process would serve the purpose of framing out energy policy to analyze these environmentally friendly energy sources. This study uses an integrated decision methodology—a combination of Delphi, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP), and the fuzzy weighted aggregated sum product assessment (FWASPAS)—for the adoption of RE sources for electricity generation in Turkey. Initially, the study identified five main criteria and seventeen sub-criteria using the Delphi method. Then, the FAHP method was used to evaluate and rank the main criteria and sub-criteria. Finally, the FWASPAS method was used to assess and prioritize five major RE sources for electricity generation. The FAHP analysis indicated that political criteria are the most influential, followed by economic and technical criteria. Further, the FWASPAS method revealed that wind energy is the most significant option for electricity generation. This decision-making process can help the energy planners to utilize RE sources for sustainable development.

Multiple Criteria Decision Making for the Achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals: A Systematic Literature Review and a Research Agenda

“…Besides, most of the reviewed studies referred to SDG 7 were conducted as part of environmental impact assessments. Authors who used MCDM methods to choose energy policy scenarios considered the promotion of the use of energy from Renewable Energy Sources (RES) [140,141,145,149] or RES compared with energy efficiency policies [135,152]. It is worth mentioning that all of these authors used the AHP method or an MCDM approach that uses multi-attribute techniques since the central idea prioritized policy scenarios.…”

“…Regarding the integration of MCDM methods, this approach was adopted in 13 studies [131,133,134,138,141,142,[144][145][146][149][150][151][152]. For example, Debbarma et al [131] integrated AHP, PROMETHEE II, and VIKOR to determine the optimal performanceemission trade-off vantage in a hydrogen-biohol dual fuel endeavor.…”

Assessing and Prioritizing the Climate Change Policy Objectives for Sustainable Development in Pakistan

“…However, given the consistency of the decision-makers in determining the data, fuzzy AHPs can produce the same results as with fuzzy TOPSIS. Despite some shortcomings, fuzzy AHPs are one of the favorite methods used for decision analyses [74].…”

“…As in the MCDA, it is important to engage qualified and relevant experts to obtain a meaningful and expert opinion. Following Solangi et al [16,74] and Waqas et al [83], the researchers in this study consulted with 15 experts to participate and provide profound and critical opinions through a webmail service for the analysis of the criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives. The demographic information of the experts is given in Appendix A (Table A1).…”

Modeling and Control of Power and Energy Produced by a Synchronous Generator Using Polynomial Fuzzy Systems and Sum-of-Squares Approach

“…In this case, the quadratic Lyapunov function should be defined, and the stability conditions result in solving LMIs. Finally, the stability conditions can be efficiently solved numerically by interior point algorithms such as the LMI toolbox of MATLAB, which is hard and timewasting sometimes.To solve the above-mentioned problems and prepare further beneficial results, a simpler and more general method is introduced as the polynomial fuzzy model[15]. For proving the stability of this model a polynomial Lyapunov function should be defined.…”