Analyzing Large-Scale Multiuser Molecular Communication via 3-D Stochastic Geometry

Deng, Yansha; Noel, Adam; Guo, Weisi; Nallanathan, Arumugam; Elkashlan, Maged

doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2017.2750145

Cited by 72 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…In this paper, motivated by a bulk of MC literature on information transmission via molecular pulse modulation [5,6], where a single or multiple types of molecules are emitted according to pulse-shaped signals to represent symbols in a digital message, we propose the design of a pulse generator component for MC systems. With reference to pulse generation in electrical systems, the proposed design generates molecular concentration pulses with a predefined shape according to an input trigger signal exclusively by means of chemical and physical processes in the molecular domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microfluidic Feed Forward Loop Pulse Generator for Molecular Communication

Deng

Pierobon

Nallanathan

2017

GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference

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Abstract-The design of communication systems capable of processing and exchanging information through molecules and chemical processes is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, which holds the promise to revolutionize how we realize computing and communication devices. While molecular communication (MC) theory has had major developments in recent years, more practical aspects in the design and prototyping of components capable of MC functionalities remain less explored. In this paper, motivated by a bulk of MC literature on information transmission via molecular pulse modulation, the design of a pulse generator is proposed as an MC component able to output a predefined pulse-shaped molecular concentration upon a triggering input. The chemical processes at the basis of this pulse generator are inspired by how cells generate pulse-shaped molecular signals in biology. At the same time, the slow-speed, unreliability, and non-scalability of these processes in cells are overcome with a microfluidic-based implementation based on standard reproducible components with well-defined design parameters. Mathematical models are presented to demonstrate the analytical tractability of each component, and are validated against a numerical finite element simulation. Finally, the complete pulse generator design is implemented and simulated in a standard engineering software framework, where the predefined nature of the output pulse shape is demonstrated together with its dependence on practical design parameters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Microfluidic Feed Forward Loop Pulse Generator for Molecular Communication

Deng

Pierobon

Nallanathan

2017

GLOBECOM 2017 - 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference

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“…The moving TNs governed by the law of diffusion lead to dynamic changes in the number of TNs. Therefore, it is crucial to model the dynamic concentration of TNs and interfering molecules in a stochastic way [10], [34]- [37]. A statistical-physical model of interference in nanonetworks was introduced in [10] where the co-channel TNs are randomly distributed according to a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Communication With Anomalous Diffusion in Stochastic Nanonetworks

Trinh

Jeong

Shin

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Molecular communication in nature can incorporate a large number of nano-things in nanonetworks as well as demonstrate how nano-things communicate. This paper presents molecular communication where transmit nanomachines deliver information molecules to a receive nanomachine over an anomalous diffusion channel. By considering a random molecule concentration in a space-time fractional diffusion channel, an analytical expression is derived for the first passage time (FPT) of the molecules. Then, the bit error rate of the ℓth nearest molecular communication with timing binary modulation is derived in terms of Fox's H-function. In the presence of interfering molecules, the mean and variance of the number of the arrived interfering molecules in a given time interval are presented. Using these statistics, a simple mitigation scheme for timing modulation is provided. The results in this paper provide the network performance on the error probability by averaging over a set of random distances between the communicating links as well as a set of random FPTs caused by the anomalous diffusion of molecules.This result will help in designing and developing molecular communication systems for various design purposes. ). 3 [25], and references therein). Subdiffusion is used to explain the divergence property of waiting time with finite moments of the jump length distribution of the particles. It has been found in various contexts-e.g., the movement of lipids in membranes, cytoplasmic macromolecules in living cells, proteins in the nucleoplasm, and the translocation of polymers [14], [15]-and the mean squared displacement of molecules scales slower than a linear relation in time. For a finite mean waiting time and divergent jump length variance of particles, superdiffusion (also known as Lévy flights) has been explored in [16], which can be observed in turbulent flows or bacterial motions [17], [18]. The mean square displacement of superdiffusing molecules increases more rapidly in time than for normal diffusion.In the context of molecular communication, anomalous diffusion can appear when the concentration of molecules is very high since the collisions between molecules lead to anomalous movement of the molecules in a given medium. For example, calcium signaling based molecular communication [26], [27] cannot avoid anomalous diffusion since calcium ions interact with each other due to the electrostatic forces. Furthermore, experimental studies of molecular communication showed that the channel response is nonlinear and does not obey theoretical results from previous works [28]. These results motivate the use of extraordinary diffusion in molecular communication for many applications [23]- [25]. Since the molecular system can consist of a vast number of molecules, it is difficult to characterize the dynamic behavior of the system analytically. Specifically, the modeling of a dynamic concentration (density) of molecules that undergo absorption, reaction, elastic collision

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“…An interference model when the transmitter nano-machines are spatially distributed as uniform PPP, was presented in [16] and the probability distribution of the power spectral density of the received signal was derived. The work [17] presented a general model for collective signal strength at the passive and fully absorbing spherical receivers in a large-scale system where transmitters are distributed according to a PPP and all transmitters are transmitting the same bits. Using stochastic geometry, the authors have derived the bit error probability for the same.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The receiver cannot distinguish between the desired and the ISI molecules. The effect of ISI on collective signal strength was not discussed in [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…shows the variation of the expected total IMs absorbed by the RBN at its transient state for a system without molecular degradation.Fig. 3is plotted using (13),(16),(17) and The expected number of desired (ES), ISI (EI), CCI (EC) and total (ET = ES + EI + EC) IMs absorbed at the RBN for a system with molecular degradation versus symbol time (TS). Here µ = 1s −1 , r d = 10µm and λ = 1 × 10 −5 TBNs/µm 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Diffusion Based Molecular Communication With Multiple Transmitters Having Individual Random Information Bits

Sabu

Gupta

2019

IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun.

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In this paper, we present an analytical framework to derive the performance of a molecular communication system where a transmitter bio-nano-machine (TBN) is communicating with a fully-absorbing spherical receiver bio-nano-machine (RBN) in a diffusive propagation medium in the presence of other TBNs. We assume that transmit bits at each TBN is random and different than transmit bits at other TBNs. We model the TBNs using a marked Poisson point process (PPP) with their locations as points of PPP and transmit symbols as marks. We consider both inter-symbol interference (ISI) and co-channel interference (CCI). ISI is caused by molecules transmitted in the previous slots while CCI is due to the molecules emitted from other TBNs. We derive the bit error probability of this system by averaging over the distribution of the transmit bits as opposed to the past approaches consisting of conditioning on previous transmit bits and/or assuming the transmit bits of every TBN are the same. Using numerical results, we validate our analysis and provide various design insights about the system, for example, the impact of detection threshold on the system performance. We also show the importance of accurately incorporating the randomness of transmit bits in the analysis.

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Analyzing Large-Scale Multiuser Molecular Communication via 3-D Stochastic Geometry

Cited by 72 publications

References 35 publications

A Microfluidic Feed Forward Loop Pulse Generator for Molecular Communication

A Microfluidic Feed Forward Loop Pulse Generator for Molecular Communication

Molecular Communication With Anomalous Diffusion in Stochastic Nanonetworks

Analysis of Diffusion Based Molecular Communication With Multiple Transmitters Having Individual Random Information Bits

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