Analyzing and Mapping Sweat Metabolomics by High-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy

Abstract

The content of human sweat is studied by high-resolution NMR, and the majority of organic components most often found in sweat of conditionally healthy people are identified. Original and simple tools are designed for sweat sampling from different areas of human body. The minimal surface area needed for sampling is in the range of 50–100 cm2. On all the surface parts of the human body examined in this work, the main constituents forming a sweat metabolic profile are lactate, glycerol, pyruvate, and serine. The only exception is the sole of the foot (planta pedis), where trace amounts of glycerol are found. An attempt is made to explain the presence of specified metabolites and their possible origin.

Sweat lipid mediator profiling: a noninvasive approach for cutaneous research

“…High-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of sweat suggested the presence of several amino acids and lipid-associated groups (5,9). More recent MS-based approaches confirmed the presence of amino acid-and lipid-derived molecules, while additionally showing the presence of carbohydrates and organic acids in sweat (10,11).…”

[Dedicated to Prof. T. Okada and Prof. T. Nishioka: data science in chemistry]Visualizing Individual and Region-specific Microbial–metabolite Relations by Important Variable Selection Using Machine Learning Approaches

“…The condensed sample was redissolved in 1.6 ml phosphate buffer, and the sample solution was transferred to an NMR tube. The metabolites in the condensed sweat sample were annotated by 1 H-1 H total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY), 13 30 , and by references to previously published data 25,26 .…”

“…However, NMRbased metabolic profiling has rarely targeted human sweat despite the relative ease of collecting sweat samples. Thus, very little information on sweat metabolic profiles (NMR spectra) and sampling procedures is available in previous reports 25,26 . In contrast, quantitative and qualitative information on other human samples (e.g., urine 27 , serum 28 , and saliva 29 …”

NMR study of human biological fluids for detection of pathologies

“…Сбор и приготовление образцов пота осуществляли с помощью оригинального набора инструментов, разработанных в нашей лаборатории [6]. Образец пота смывали со стеклянного валика в специальной ванночке с 0,68 мл тяжёлой воды.…”