Analytics of MX and NDMA, two disinfection byproducts, in water

Andrzejewski, Przemysław; Nawrocki, J.

doi:10.30955/gnj.000318

Global NEST Journal

2013

DOI: 10.30955/gnj.000318

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Analytics of MX and NDMA, two disinfection byproducts, in water

Przemysław Andrzejewski

J. Nawrocki²

Abstract: MX (3-Chloro-4-(Dichloromethyl)-5-Hydroxy-2(5H)-Furanone) and NDMA (N,N-dimethyl-Nnitrosoamine) are disinfection by-products, which are formed during NOM's and other water containing precursors reaction with chlorine. Both, due to their potential carcinogenic and mutagenic properties were placed on the list of potentially health hazardous disinfection byproducts. Both of the compounds occur in drinking water at the ppt level. An extensive review of international literature was the background of the presentatio… Show more

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Optimization of methods for the determination of DBPs

Cancho-Grande

Ventura²

2013

Global NEST Journal

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Chloroform and other bromochlorotrihalomethanes were first identified as disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in chlorinated water in 1970s. Since then, many other DBPs have been identified such as haloacetonitriles, haloacetaldehydes, cyanogen halides, aldehydes, ketoacids, chlorite, bromate and other organic and inorganic compounds. Due to their occurrence and potential health risks, the U.S.EPA promulgated the Stage I Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts (D-DBP) Rule in 1998. To assist water utilities monitoring DBPs in their finished water, the U.S. EPA published a list of approved analytical methods under the D-DBP Rule. In 1996, the U.S. EPA also promulgated the Information Collection Rule (ICR) to collect brackground information on DBPs and pathogens for the Stage II D-DBP-Rule. Actually 500 DBPs are known but few have been investigated for their quantitative occurrence and health effects. Due to the fact that their identification and quantitation have become extremely important to drinking water companies in order to reduce or remove their presence, other analytical methods different from those proposed by U.S. EPA have been optimized and are now commented in this article.

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Optimization of methods for the determination of DBPs

Cancho-Grande

Ventura²

2013

Global NEST Journal

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Determination of PAHs in marine sediments: analytical methods and environmental concerns

Nikolaou

Kostopoulou²,

Lofrano³

et al. 2013

Global NEST Journal

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the major categories of pollutants entering the marine environment and finally accumulating in the sediments. Their occurrence raises major concerns for human health, especially during coastal activities (bathing waters, aquaculture, etc), having combined adverse effects still largely unknown when they are present as mixtures. Moreover, during their remobilization (e.g. dredging activities), their bioavailability can increase resulting in a risk for marine environment. Several of them are known to be potential human carcinogens including benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[ghi]perylene. Therefore they have been included in the priority list of the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC and also sixteen of them have been regulated by the US EPA as priority pollutants, and their distributions in the environment and potential human health risks have become the focus of much attention. The determination of PAHs in environmental matrices has been subject of great scientific attention during the latest years, as the accuracy and sensitivity of analytical methods need to be improved in order to be able to detect the compounds of interest in a complex matrix such as sediments. Therefore, significant research is being devoted to the optimization of analytical methodologies. A great number of studies have been performed on PAHs analysis in marine sediments. Various analytical procedures based on gas chromatographic analyses are reviewed and comparatively discussed in this paper.

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Analytics of MX and NDMA, two disinfection byproducts, in water

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Optimization of methods for the determination of DBPs

Optimization of methods for the determination of DBPs

Determination of PAHs in marine sediments: analytical methods and environmental concerns

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