Analytical quality by design: Development and control strategy for a LC method to evaluate the cannabinoids content in cannabis olive oil extracts

Deidda, Riccardo; Avohou, Hermane T.; Baronti, Roberto; Davolio, Pier Luigi; Pasquini, Benedetta; Bubba, Massimo Del; Hubert, Cédric; Hubert, Philippe; Orlandini, Serena; Furlanetto, Sandra

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.032

Cited by 56 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Various HPLC and UPLC methods that have been reported for the analysis of cannabinoids in C. sativa L. plant samples and Cannabis consumer products, e.g. hashish, marijuana and cannabis oils, since the year 2010, are summarised in Tables and , and appraised in the following subsections.…”

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various LC‐based analytical techniques have become quite popular in the analysis of cannabinoids in Cannabis consumer products, which include smoking products, e.g. hashish and marijuana, cannabidiol oil, Cannabis olive oil, Cannabis tinctures, Cannabis medicinal products and Cannabis tea (Table ) . In the HPLC and UPLC (or UHPLC) methods, the use of PDA or MS detection technologies have become routine for the analysis of Cannabis consumer products.…”

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been at least 11 different HPLC methods published during the last decade for the analysis of commercial Cannabis using either a HPLC‐UV‐PDA or HPLC‐MS/MS techniques . Cannabidiol (CBD, 3 )‐based oil preparations have become one of the most popular consumer products because of a variety of beneficial effects of CBD ( 3 ), which is not a controlled substance, on human health .…”

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the past decade, Italian pharmacists have been given permission to serve medical prescriptions that require preparation and dispensing of Cannabis extracts to patients, prompting the necessity for the evaluation of CBD ( 3 ) and THC ( 12 ) contents in cannabis extracts prior to sale. Cannabis olive oil extracts are one of the such prescription products that are prepared from dried female cannabis inflorescences . Very recently, a fast HPLC‐UV method, developed by applying an analytical quality by design (AQbD) strategy and response surface methodology, has been reported for the analysis and quantification of CBD ( 3 ) and THC ( 12 ), and also CBDA ( 4 ) in Cannabis olive oil extracts .…”

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A review on the recent advances in HPLC, UHPLC and UPLC analyses of naturally occurring cannabinoids (2010–2019)

Nahar

Önder

Sarker

2019

Phytochemical Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Organic molecules that bind to cannabinoid receptors are called cannabinoids, and they have similar pharmacological properties like the plant, Cannabis sativa L. Hyphenated liquid chromatography (LC), incorporating high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC, also known as ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography, UHPLC), usually coupled to an ultraviolet (UV), UV‐photodiode array (PDA) or mass spectrometry (MS) detector, has become a popular analytical tool for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids in various matrices. Objective To review literature on the use of various LC‐based analytical methods for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids published since 2010. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was performed utilising several databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and other relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with cannabinoids being present in all combinations, in the search were Cannabis, hemp, cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, marijuana, analysis, HPLC, UHPLC, UPLC, quantitative, qualitative and quality control. Results Since 2010, several LC methods for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids have been reported. While simple HPLC‐UV or HPLC‐UV‐PDA‐based methods were common in cannabinoids analysis, HPLC‐MS, HPLC‐MS/MS, UPLC (or UHPLC)‐UV‐PDA, UPLC (or UHPLC)‐MS and UPLC (or UHPLC)‐MS/MS, were also used frequently. Applications of mathematical and computational models for optimisation of different protocols were observed, and pre‐analyses included various environmentally friendly extraction protocols. Conclusions LC‐based analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids has dominated the cannabinoids analysis during the last 10 years, and UPLC and UHPLC methods have been shown to be superior to conventional HPLC methods.

show abstract

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc and Uplc (Or Uhplc) Analysis Of Naturally Occurring Canmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A review on the recent advances in HPLC, UHPLC and UPLC analyses of naturally occurring cannabinoids (2010–2019)

Nahar

Önder

Sarker

2019

Phytochemical Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Citti et al [36] used 100 μL (10 times higher) of cannabis oil, and the reported LLOQs for Δ 9 -THC, CBD, and CBN were greater than that presented herein. Bettiol et al [37] and Deida et al [38] applied 40 μL (4 times higher) of cannabis oil and reported LLOQs of 1.0 μg/mL for Δ 9 -THC, CBD, and CBN. The mentioned papers report higher LLOQs than ours when analyses were carried out using a LC-DAD or LC-MS system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Cannabinoids in Cannabis Oil Using GC/MS: Method Development, Validation, and Application to Commercially Available Preparations in Argentina

Fernández

Carreras

Larcher

et al. 2020

Planta Medica International Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The medicinal use of cannabis oil is increasing all over the world. Few analytical methods for the quantification of cannabinoids have been validated using internationally accredited guidelines. This work describes the development and validation of a selective and sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the qualitative analysis of the main cannabinoids, namely cannabidiolic acid, tetrahydrocannabinolic acid, cannabigerol, and cannabichromene as well as quantitative determination of cannabidiol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, and cannabinol, present in cannabis oils. The method was fully validated according to Food and Drug Administration and International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. A linear range of 0.1–30 μg/mL was obtained for CBD and Δ9-THC and 0.034–11.7 μg/mL for CBN, presenting determination coefficients above 0.99. The lower limits of quantification ranged from 0.034 to 0.1 μg/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision, calculated in terms of relative standard deviation, were 3.9–13.8 and 4.7–14.1%, respectively. Extraction efficiency at lower limits of quantification was 95–103%. Verification of method validity was performed with authentic cannabis oil samples. To our knowledge, this is the first method available in Argentina, validated according to international guidelines, for quantification of CBD, Δ9-THC, and CBN in cannabis oil. The primary application of this method is to differentiate between cannabis oils with high or low content of Δ9-THC, CBD, or mixed Δ9-THC/CBD. This is of fundamental importance for the patient and so that the physicians can carry out a suitable therapy.

show abstract

The analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis samples by supercritical fluid chromatography and ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography: A comparison study

Deidda

Schelling

Roussel³

et al. 2020

Analytical Science Advances

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this work was to develop a supercritical fluid chromatographic method to study the applicability of this emerging technique to cannabinoid analysis and showcase its advantages. During method development, the authors focused on nine phyto‐cannabinoids to assess the selectivity needed to potentially perform the quantitation of each cannabinoid. After method development, robustness studies were carried out on this method to gain more information about its qualitative behavior (in terms of critical resolutions) when varying some crucial parameters (concentration of additive, column temperature, starting gradient conditions and column batch). Once the robustness was evaluated and the parameters most affecting the selected responses were individuated, the SFC method was applied for a simulated routine use to generate quantitative results concerning the concentrations of the main cannabinoids in real cannabis samples. The samples were also analyzed by means of an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatographic method currently used in the laboratory for the same objective. Finally, the results obtained with both analytical methods were compared to evaluate their accordance. The Bland–Altman method was applied as a statistical strategy to evaluate the degree of accordance between the results generated and display the data in a difference plot. The ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography quantitative results were in accordance with the ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography results, demonstrating the applicability of this technique for cannabinoid analysis.

show abstract

Analytical quality by design: Development and control strategy for a LC method to evaluate the cannabinoids content in cannabis olive oil extracts

Cited by 56 publications

References 32 publications

A review on the recent advances in HPLC, UHPLC and UPLC analyses of naturally occurring cannabinoids (2010–2019)

A review on the recent advances in HPLC, UHPLC and UPLC analyses of naturally occurring cannabinoids (2010–2019)

Quantification of Cannabinoids in Cannabis Oil Using GC/MS: Method Development, Validation, and Application to Commercially Available Preparations in Argentina

The analysis of cannabinoids in cannabis samples by supercritical fluid chromatography and ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography: A comparison study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About