Analytical Procedures for Speciation of Chromium, Aluminum, and Tin in Environmental and Biological Samples

Michalke, Bernhard

doi:10.1002/9783527694907.ch8

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Speciation of Al in human serum is an extremely difficult task because the basal levels of this element in serum are typically below 3-5 μg/L and these low concentrations are even fractioned in speciation analysis [18]. Even worse, the risk of significant exogenous Al contamination to samples and used laboratory material is very high [14,[17][18][19]. Consequently, inadvertent contamination during sampling, storage, sample preparation and analysis of serum or urine can introduce considerable uncertainty in the determination of aluminium [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminium (Al) speciation in serum and urine after subcutaneous venom immunotherapy with Al as adjuvant

Michalke

Krämer²

2018

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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Al-concentrations or speciation in urine samples showed no differences between class-0 and class-1. Al-citrate was the main uric Al-species. In serum elevated Al-concentrations were found for both classes, with class-1 samples being significantly higher than class-0 (p = 0.041), but class-0 samples being approximately 10-fold too high compared to reference values from non-exposed persons. We identified gel-monovettes as contamination source. In contamination-free samples from HNO-prewashed gel-free monovettes (n = 27) there was no difference in the serum Al concentration between the two patient groups (p = 0.669) INTERPRETATION: Thorough cleaning of sample preparation ware and use of gel-free monovettes is decisive for an accurate Al analysis in serum. Without these steps, wrong analysis and wrong conclusions are likely. We conclude that gel-monovettes are unsuitable for blood sampling with subsequent Al-analysis. Whether Al in serum is elevated after SIT treatment containing an Al-depot extract, or not, remains inconclusive as the non-contaminated sample size was small.

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