Analytical Modeling and Simulation of an Electromagnetic Energy Harvester for Pulsating Fluid Flow in Pipeline

Abstract

This paper presents the analytical modeling and simulation of an electromagnetic energy harvester (having linear behaviour) that generates power from pulsating fluid flow for pipeline condition monitoring systems. The modeled energy harvester is comprised of a cylindrical permanent magnet and a wound coil attached to a flexible membrane which oscillates due to the pulsating fluid flow in the pipe over which the prototype is considered to be mounted. In the harvester electrical energy is produced due to the relative motion between the coil and magnet. Based on the harvester’s architecture a lumped parameter model (single degree of freedom system) is developed and is simulated at different physical operational conditions. The simulation is performed at pressure amplitude of 625 Pa. When subjected to the operational frequency sweep, at the harvester’s resonant frequency (500 Hz) and damping ratio of 0.01, the devised model predicted the maximum open circuit voltage of 2.55 V and load voltage of 1.27 V. While operating under resonance, the maximum load voltage of 2.45 V is estimated at load resistance of 100 Ω. However, at an optimum load of 4.3 Ω, the simulation shows a production of 188151.2 μW power at a frequency of 500 Hz.

A Pressure-Based Electromagnetic Energy Harvester for Pipeline Monitoring Applications

“…where V layr is the voltage generated due to one layer of the wound coil, and dB x /dx is the gradient of magnetic flux density. The magnetic flux density, B x , through the top of the magnet and along the center line for a cylinder-shaped magnet [31][32][33]]…”

Two degree of freedom vibration based electromagnetic energy harvester for bridge health monitoring system

“…The relative displacement between the magnet and coil results in change in magnetic flux Φ; that, according to Faraday’s law generates voltage across the coil (Bakhtiar and Khan, 2019).…”

“… B z is the magnetic flux density and d B z / dz is magnetic flux density gradient over a layer passing through the center of magnet, the normal component of magnetic flux density is (Bakhtiar and Khan, 2019)…”

“…Where h m is the height of the magnet, B r the remnant flux density, d the distance from the surface of magnet to the coil and r m the radius of the magnet. The magnetic flux density can be found as derivative of B z with respect to z (Bakhtiar and Khan, 2019)…”

Multi-Directional Universal Energy Harvesting Ball

“…Motion from the human body [ 5 ], animals [ 6 ], or mechanical equipment [ 7 ] can be used to charge batteries [ 8 , 9 ] or power objects, such as wearable devices [ 10 , 11 ], tactile sensors [ 12 , 13 ], and biomedical devices [ 14 , 15 ]. This motion can be generated by rotational [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], linear [ 20 , 21 ], vibrational [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], or forced fluid induction [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] systems.…”