Analytical model for dental implant insertion torque

Numerical investigation of the optimal porosity of titanium foam for dental implants

“…Dental implants can replace a natural tooth's root to securely anchor dental prostheses. Osseointegration fosters a strong bone-implant connection by directly linking living bone and implant surfaces, ensuring a durable interlock over time [ 12 , 13 ]. Osseointegration is influenced by bone health, implant design, loadings, and other biological factors [ 14 ].…”