Analytical methods to assess the oxidative potential of nanoparticles: a review

Hellack, Bryan; Nickel, Carmen; Albrecht, Catrin; Kuhlbusch, Thomas A. J.; Boland, Sonja; Baeza‐Squiban, Armelle; Wohlleben, Wendel; Schins, Roel P. F.

doi:10.1039/c7en00346c

Cited by 49 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 176 publications

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“…The reviewed studies confirmed the general finding that the various OP assays display different sensitivity towards the same redox-active PM components, because they capture the redox reactions of different species [4,6,8,10,[12][13][14][15]37,46]. Overall, DTT mainly responded to the organic compounds, as traced by OC, EC, that represent burning sources, including fuel vehicular and biomass burning emissions-and redox active species such as quinones, associated with other markers of photochemical aging (SO 4 2− , NO 3 − ).…”

Section: Sensitivity Of Different Acellular Assayssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The paper summarized in this study describe contrasting results on the relationship between OP responses from the various assays, as reported in other literature references [4,6,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Correlation Between Op Responses From Different Acellular Asmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Most of the reviewed studies performed the characterization of the chemical composition of the PM samples and investigated the association of OP responses with PM components (Table 1). In general, the papers concern volume-based OP, as mostly relevant metric for epidemiologic studies, since it reflects the actual exposure to redox-active PM upon inhalation, being a combination of the intrinsic PM oxidative potential with the total PM concentration [6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Therefore, in the following OP indicates volume-based OP, OP V , when not specified.…”

Section: Association Of Oxidative Potential With Pm Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dimensional profile of redox activity of various PM size fractions has been investigated in several reviewed studies. Literature data suggest that the OP responses, both volume-and mass-based values, show a clear size distribution, as a consequence of the specific sensitivity of each OP assay used for measurement towards the redox-active components accumulated in the different PM fractions [4,6,8,[13][14][15][16]21,45,50]. This is very relevant for its toxicological concern, since different size fractions may reach different parts of the lung, and therefore display different toxicological effects [1,[6][7][8]11].…”

Section: Pm Size Distribution Of Op Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OP measures the capacity of inhaled PM to induce a redox imbalance generated by the interaction of redox-active species present in PM with physiological species undergoing Fenton reactions and redox cycling [6,[8][9][10][11]. A range of acellular assays have been developed for measuring OP, having the advantages of low price, speed, practicality, and high data throughput, when compared to cellular assays [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among them, the most commonly used are based on dithiothreitol as a proxy of cellular reductants (DTT assay, OP DTT ), or endogen antioxidant species, such as ascorbic acid (AA assay, OP AA ) and glutathione (GSH assay,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

2019

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This work is an overview of the oxidative potential (OP) values up to date measured in Italy, with the aim to provide a picture of the spatial and seasonal variability of OP in the various geographical areas across Italy. The summarized works used the common acellular assays-based dithiothreitol (OP DTT ), ascorbic acid (OP AA ), glutathione (OP GSH ), and 2 ,7 -dichlorodfluorescein (OP DCFH ) assays. The paper describes the association of OP responses with PM chemical composition, the sensitivity of various acellular OP assays to PM components and emission sources, and PM size distribution of the measured OP values. Our synthesis indicates that crustal and transition metals (e.g., Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mn, Zn, and V), secondary ions and carbonaceous components (elemental carbon, EC, organic carbon, OC and water soluble carbon, WSOC) show significant correlations with OP across different urban and rural areas and size ranges. These chemical species are mainly associated with various PM sources, including residual/fuel oil combustion, traffic emissions, and secondary organic aerosol formation. Although the OP assays are sensitive to the same redox-active species, they differ in the association with PM chemical components. The DDT assay is mainly sensitive to the organic compounds that are mostly accumulated in the fine PM fraction, i.e., tracers of burning sources, and redox active organics associated with other markers of photochemical aging. In contrast, OP AA and OP GSH were mostly responsive to metals, mainly those related to non-exhaust traffic emissions (Cu, Zn, Cr, Fe, Ni, Mn, Sn, Cd, Pb), that are mainly accumulated in the coarse PM. Among the investigated sites, our synthesis shows larger OP values in Trentino region and the Po Valley, that may be explained by the high density of anthropogenic sources, and the orographic and meteorological characteristics, that favor the pollutants accumulation and aerosol photo-oxidative aging. ). The acellular version of the 2 ,7 -dichlorodfluorescein (DCFH) assay uses the enzymatic production of the fluorescent probe largely used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in living cells.The present work summarizes the PM oxidative properties up to date measured in Italy using OP acellular assays, with the aim of giving a general insight of PM OP across the Italian territory, that has not been reported yet, in spite of the increasing number of OP measurements carried out in Europe [6,[19][20][21][22]. In addition, the study reviews the association described in previous studies between OP from different assays with several inorganic ad organic components, that effect PM oxidative properties, i.e., metals, ions, and carbonaceous components. The aim is to give a picture of the spatial and seasonal variability of different contributions to OP in the various geographical areas across Italy. The relevance of such an investigation is based on the large variability in the chemical composition of different PM size fractions in various locations across Italy, as a consequence of the stron...

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Section: Sensitivity Of Different Acellular Assayssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Correlation Between Op Responses From Different Acellular Asmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Association Of Oxidative Potential With Pm Chemical Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pm Size Distribution Of Op Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

2019

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In vitro Biological Tests as the First Tools To Validate Magnetic Nanotheranostics for Colorectal Cancer Models

2020

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death. Nanotechnology has focused on reaching more effective treatments. In this concern, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been studied for a wide range of biomedical applications related to CRC, such as diagnostic imaging, drug delivery and thermal therapy. However, limited research is currently found in the open literature that refers to nanosystems combining all these mentioned areas (theranostics). When developing nanosystems intended as theranostics applied to CRC, possible variations between patients must be considered. Therefore, multiple in vitro assays are required as guidance for future preclinical and clinical trials. The objective of this contribution is to evaluate the available and recent literature regarding the interactions of MNP and CRC models, aiming to critically analyze the information given by the commonly used assays and evaluate the data provided by each one with a view to implementing this novel technology in CRC diagnostics and therapy.

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Simulating Nanomaterial Transformation in Cascaded Biological Compartments to Enhance the Physiological Relevance of In Vitro Dosing Regimes: Optional or Required?

Llewellyn

Kämpfer

Keller³

et al. 2021

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Would an engineered nanomaterial (ENM) still have the same identity once it reaches a secondary target tissue after a journey through several physiological compartments? Probably not. Does it matter? ENM pre‐treatments may enhance the physiological relevance of in vitro testing via controlled transformation of the ENM identity. The implications of material transformation upon reactivity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory, and genotoxic potential of Ag and SiO2 ENM on advanced gastro‐intestinal tract cell cultures and 3D liver spheroids are demonstrated. Pre‐treatments are recommended for certain ENM only.

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Analytical methods to assess the oxidative potential of nanoparticles: a review

Abstract: This review provides an overview of different methods to determine the oxidative potential of nanoparticles, their pros and cons and their potential applicability towards improved hazard assessment of nanoparticles.

Cited by 49 publications

References 176 publications

Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

Review of PM Oxidative Potential Measured with Acellular Assays in Urban and Rural Sites across Italy

In vitro Biological Tests as the First Tools To Validate Magnetic Nanotheranostics for Colorectal Cancer Models

Simulating Nanomaterial Transformation in Cascaded Biological Compartments to Enhance the Physiological Relevance of In Vitro Dosing Regimes: Optional or Required?

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