Analytical methods for the measurement of polymerization kinetics and stresses of dental resin-based composites: A review

Abstract

Resin-based composites are commonly used restorative materials in dentistry. Such tooth-colored restorations can adhere to the dental tissues. One drawback is that the polymerization shrinkage and induced stresses during the curing procedure is an inherent property of resin composite materials that might impair their performance. This review focuses on the significant developments of laboratory tools in the measurement of polymerization shrinkage and stresses of dental resin-based materials during polymerization. An electronic search of publications from January 1977 to July 2016 was made using ScienceDirect, PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. The search included only English-language articles. Only studies that performed laboratory methods to evaluate the amount of the polymerization shrinkage and/or stresses of dental resin-based materials during polymerization were selected. The results indicated that various techniques have been introduced with different mechanical/physical bases. Besides, there are factors that may contribute the differences between the various methods in measuring the amount of shrinkages and stresses of resin composites. The search for an ideal and standard apparatus for measuring shrinkage stress and volumetric polymerization shrinkage of resin-based materials in dentistry is still required. Researchers and clinicians must be aware of differences between analytical methods to make proper interpretation and indications of each technique relevant to a clinical situation.

Low-Shrinkage Resin Matrices in Restorative Dentistry-Narrative Review

“…Dilatometry is one of the most commonly used methods for measuring the volumetric change of polymerized materials [31]. In this technique, the composite sample is surrounded by a non-reacting liquid, such as mercury, during the curing period.…”

“…In this method, density measurements determined volumetric shrinkage according to Archimedes' principle by measuring the specimen's weight several times in two different environments of known density. According to the below equation, the density of the specimen is calculated [31]:…”

Micro-computed tomography in preventive and restorative dental research: A review

“…High-resolution microtomography is a non-contact method that can be employed to obtain actual 3D information from the cavity during polymerization. 38 …”