Analytical methods for the determination of non-ortho substituted chlorobiphenyls: A review

Creaser, Colin S.; Krokos, F.; Startin, James R.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(92)90037-r

Cited by 49 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Furthermore, the negatively charged liposome column could improve the detection of PCB to 0.5 ng/mL using the immunoassay combined with the immobilized liposome fluorescent assay system. This system is simple, sensitive, less time-consuming, and less expensive compared to the other conventional detection methods [1][2][3][4][5]. Thus, the liposome fluorescent column has a potential to be used as universal sensitization cartridge to determine other analytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been generally utilized in analytical companies to detect PCB with sensitivity and accuracy [1]. However, its high cost of hundreds of dollar per sample and requirement of specially trained operators usually taking 1-2 weeks to complete the analysis limit its applications for large screening of pollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

et al. 2003

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Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2))-catalyzed membrane leakage can be detected by immobilized liposomes containing a self-quenching fluorescent dye, calcein, on an open column using off-line analysis with a fluorescent spectrophotometer. The calcein release was found to be affected by the pH value, incubation time, and liposome compositions. The fluorescent signal from the negatively charged liposomes hydrolyzed by PLA(2) was 5 times higher than that from neutral liposomes. We utilized this enzymatic reaction to amplify signal to detect polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To achieve this goal, we conjugated an analogue of PCB, 3,4-dichloroaniline, to PLA(2). The competitive immunoreaction between the 3,4-dichloroaniline-PLA(2) conjugate and PCB samples on the anti-PCB antibody column caused the release of the bound PLA(2) conjugates in proportion to the PCB concentration. The released PLA(2) conjugates was then passed through the tandem fluorescent liposome column causing release of fluorescent dye from the liposomes. Therefore, the signal of immunocompetitive assay was amplified on the fluorescent liposome column. The tandem column system achieves a high sensitivity by detecting the PCB concentration as low as 0.5 ng/mL in less than 20 min. It has great potential in detecting other pollutants, and has been used for sensitive immunoassays.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

et al. 2003

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“…The different analytical methods used in coplanar PCB analysis have recently been reviewed [7]. They all basically involve liquid chromatographic fractionation on various absorbents like carbon, alumina, Florisil, silica gel as well as commercially available HPLC columns like the PYE column which efficiently separates the coplanar congeners from the ortho PCB [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of high resolution gas chromatography with electron impact and negative ion mass spectrometry detection for the determination of coplanar polychlorobiphenyl congeners in sewage sludges

Raverdino¹,

Holzer

Berset

1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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The three most toxic coplanar PCB 77, 126 and 169 have been identified and quantified at ultra trace levels (0.02-4.8 ng/gdw) in swiss sewage sludge samples applying high resolution capillary gas chromatography (HRGC) and electron impact (EI) as well as negative ion chemical ionization (NCI) mass spectrometry (MS). NCI mass spectra have been dominated by the molecular ion as base peak and virtually no fragmentation has been observed. Detection limits of the planar PCB under single ion monitoring (SIM) conditions have been typically 100 fg for NCI-MS and 1 pg for EI-MS. NCI-MS was the preferred detection method for the determination of very low concentrations of these important contaminants in sewage sludge samples.

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“…f Fish 2 TEFs are from [41]. mine these important substances in the environment and to assess the associated risks [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non- and Mono-ortho Chlorinated Biphenyls

Kannan¹

2000

Volume 3 Anthropogenic Compounds Part K

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a complex mixture, identified in every component of the global ecosystem. If potential toxicity, environmental prevalence, and potential risk to humans and wildlife are considered, non-and mono-ortho substituted chlorinated biphenyls become extremely important. They resemble 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in their biological action, causing hepato-, immuno-, reproductive, and dermal toxicities, and inducing mixed function oxidase (MFO) enzymes. This is the basis behind TCDD toxic equivalency (TEQs) as an approach towards risk assessment. Improvements in chromatographic techniques have yielded an array of analytical methods for these congeners that resulted in the determination of coplanar non-ortho and mono-ortho CBs in air, water, soil, and in organisms. Long range trans-hemispheric transportation of these substances in air and ocean currents have been demonstrated. Their contents in commercial PCBs have been studied and their formation during incineration is shown. Long term studies in river sediments demonstrate reductive dechlorination. PCB clearance from animals occurs both by non-metabolic and metabolic routes. Their flux in air, water, and sediments is estimated. OH reactions in the atmosphere is proposed as a principal source of loss along with permanent burial in marine and fresh water sediments.

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Analytical methods for the determination of non-ortho substituted chlorobiphenyls: A review

Cited by 49 publications

References 165 publications

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

Comparison of high resolution gas chromatography with electron impact and negative ion mass spectrometry detection for the determination of coplanar polychlorobiphenyl congeners in sewage sludges

Non- and Mono-ortho Chlorinated Biphenyls

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Analytical methods for the determination of non-ortho substituted chlorobiphenyls: A review

Cited by 49 publications

References 165 publications

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A2‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A2‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

Comparison of high resolution gas chromatography with electron impact and negative ion mass spectrometry detection for the determination of coplanar polychlorobiphenyl congeners in sewage sludges

Non- and Mono-ortho Chlorinated Biphenyls

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column

Effect of lipid composition on phospholipase A₂‐catalyzed membrane leakage in immobilized liposomes: Sensitization for polychlorinated biphenyls detection with antibody affinity column tandem with fluorescent liposome column