Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: A review

Turner, Nicholas W.; Subrahmanyam, Sreenath; Piletsky, Sergey A.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.010

Cited by 748 publications

(514 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The modern analysis of mycotoxins relies heavily on HPLC (Turner et al, 2009;Shephard, 2009). We found four aflatoxin producer isolates using HPLC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, the most popular method used for mycotoxin analysis is TLC, which offers the ability to screen large numbers of samples in a low-cost manner (Turner et al, 2009;Shephard, 2009). Dur TLC results have shown the production of aflatoxin B1 by the isolate of A. flavus 24-1 (Figure 2, Table 2), which is in accordance with the literature description of A. flavus, which reports only the production of aflatoxins from group B (Richard, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in commercial Bulgur wheat

et al. 2017

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Aflatoxins are mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic mycotoxins. The objective of this work was to study the presence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus in commercial Bulgur wheat in the city of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Thirty samples of commercial Bulgur wheat, acquired in the period of August 2011 to January 2012, were evaluated. The enumeration analysis showed that samples had up to 273.3 CFU of molds and 133.3 CFU of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus per gram of wheat. Forty-two monosporic isolates were obtained and identified as Aspergillus flavus. The isolates were analyzed regarding their aflatoxigenic potential by culture in coconut milk agar; hydroxide vapor exposure; chromatography; and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting genes that code enzymes of the aflatoxins synthesis pathway. Some of the isolates were confirmed to be aflatoxin producers and several of them presented a genetic profile of aflatoxin synthesis. The obtained results demonstrated that Bulgur wheat A. flavus contamination is concerning. Keywords: Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxins; Bulgur wheat; PCR.Practical Application: Aflatoxicosis associated with consumption of contaminated food is a major concern due to the risk of liver cancer and other diseases. The presence of aflatoxigenic Aspergillus needs to be monitored to evaluate the potential for aflatoxin contamination in food. This study presents methods of screening for aflatoxigenic Aspergillus in commercial Bulgur wheat. In addition, this work offers methods of isolation and identification of the Aspergillus species present in food and methods for testing the aflatoxigenic potential of the isolates.

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“…The modern analysis of mycotoxins relies heavily on HPLC (Turner et al, 2009;Shephard, 2009). We found four aflatoxin producer isolates using HPLC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in commercial Bulgur wheat

et al. 2017

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“…The toxic effects of OTA appear to be related to its ability to inhibit protein synthesis by competing with phenylalanine in the reaction catalyzed by phenylalanyl‐tRNA synthetase and other systems that require this amino acid. On the other hand, OTA increases lipid peroxidation, resulting in mitochondrial and cell damage increase (Turner, Subrahmanyam, & Piletsky, 2009). Also, this mycotoxin is known to be nephrotoxic, cytotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and immunosuppressive (Ali et al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of washing and cooking processes of rice for Ochratoxin A decrement by RSM

Mansouri-Nasrabadi

Milani

Nazari

2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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In this research, effects of washing and cooking processes on the decrease in ochratoxin A (OTA) residue in rice were investigated. Rice samples were washed one, two, and three times in the washing stage. Results showed that the washing stage was effective on OTA residue as 42.68% of OTA was removed. In the cooking stage, the effects of boiling time, salt content, and water‐to‐rice ratio on OTA residue were studied employing response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed that time and salt content, interaction between time and salt content, and interaction between salt content and water‐to‐rice ratio were effective on the amount of OTA residue. According to the results, the optimum levels for boiling time, salt content, and water‐to‐rice ratio were 9.6 min, 3.5% salt, and 4:1, respectively. At these conditions, 76% of the OTA in rice was reduced.

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“…Humans as well as livestock are exposed to mycotoxins through the consumption of contaminated food and feed and through inhalation of airborne mycotoxins. Mycotoxins are potentially harzardous to both humans and domestic animals as they cause a wide range of diseases [2]. Among the potentially toxic mycotoxins identified so far, aflatoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, patulin, ochratoxins, ergot alkaloids and zearalenone (ZEN) continue to receive most of the attention as they pose great threat to human and animal health [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To add to the ever increasing demand for more selective analytical methods, there is also a growing demand to develop multiplex screening assays to replace single analyte assays. So far, most multiplex assays are mostly chromatographic based confirmatory methods such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and gas chromatography (GC) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplex flow-through immunoassay formats for screening of mycotoxins in a variety of food matrices

et al. 2012

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Two multi-analyte flow-through immunoassay formats for rapid detection of mycotoxins in a variety of food matrices (peanut cake, maize and cassava flour) were developed and evaluated. The selected food matrices are typical staple foods and export products for most low-income communities around the world. The assay formats included a gel-based and a membrane-based flow-through assays and were based on the principle of indirect ELISA. Using the same immunoreagents, the performance characteristic of both assays were compared. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on such comparison. The gel-based format was

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Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: A review

Cited by 748 publications

References 187 publications

Occurrence of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in commercial Bulgur wheat

Occurrence of toxigenic Aspergillus flavus in commercial Bulgur wheat

Optimization of washing and cooking processes of rice for Ochratoxin A decrement by RSM

Multiplex flow-through immunoassay formats for screening of mycotoxins in a variety of food matrices

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