Analytical evidence of heterogeneous lead accumulation in the hypothalamic defence area and nucleus tractus solitarius

Guimarães, Diana; Santos, J. P.; Carvalho, Luísa; Diniz, Mário; House, B.; Miller, Veronica M.

doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2014.05.010

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Notably (Baranowska‐Bosiacka et al, ), the lead levels were analyzed in different anatomical regions of the brain, with minor differences among the regions tested. Recently, another group also described the heterogeneous accumulation of lead in different brain regions (Guimaraes et al, ). Ferrous sulfate influenced the group that received the highest concentration of lead acetate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of iron on modulation of the antioxidant system in rat brains exposed to lead

et al. 2016

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The objective of this study was to evaluate markers of oxidative stress in the brains of rats exposed to lead acetate (Pb(C H O ) ), either associated or not associated with ferrous sulfate (FeSO ). A total of 36 weaning rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into 6 groups of six animals and exposed to lead acetate for six weeks. In the control group (control), the animals received deionized water. The Pb260 and Pb260 + Fe received 260 µM lead acetate, and the Pb1050 and Pb1050 + Fe received 1050 µM lead acetate. The Pb260 + Fe and Pb1050 + Fe were supplemented with 20 mg of ferrous sulfate/Kg body weight every 2 days. Group Fe received deionized water and ferrous sulfate. The rat brains were collected to analyze the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), and total antioxidant substance (TAS) (DPPH technique). The activity of SOD and GPx in the experimental groups decreased compared to the control, together with the concentration of GSH (p < 0.05). For CAT analysis, SOD tended to increase in concentration in the experimental groups without a concomitant exposure to FeSO , whereas GPx showed a slight tendency to increase in activity compared to the control. For TAS-DPPH , there was a decrease in the experimental groups (p < 0.05). According to the results, SOD, GPx, and GSH were affected by lead acetate and exposure to ferrous sulfate changed this dynamic. However, further studies are needed to verify whether ferrous sulfate acts as a protectant against the toxic effects of lead. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 813-822, 2017.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of iron on modulation of the antioxidant system in rat brains exposed to lead

et al. 2016

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“…Despite studies showing the effects of lead on the monoaminergic [58], glutamatergic [59] and cholinergic systems [44], important neurotransmissions integrating brain regions of autonomic responses, data about key autonomic nuclei such as the NTS and hypothalamic defence areas are scarce. Only Guimarães et al [60] recently demonstrated that lead is capable of accumulating in the NTS and hypothalamus and increasing microglia and astrocyte activation in rats exposed to lead from the gestational to postnatal period. Thus, because astrocytes may play a role in mediating cardiovascular reflex integration through the NTS [61], and central oxidative stress plays an important role in inducing sympathetic hyperactivity [62], this could be a putative pathophysiological substrate for the central effects of leadinduced autonomic dysfunction evidenced by the present work.…”

Section: Cardiovasc Toxicolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-level Chronic Lead Exposure Impairs Neural Control of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Rats

et al. 2016

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Lead (Pb) induces adverse effects when it chronically accumulates in the body, including effects on the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Wistar rats were exposed to lead acetate for 30 days (first dose 4 µg/100 g followed by 0.05 µg/100 g/day, i.m.) to investigate the cardiovascular system impact on the autonomic control. The femoral artery and vein were catheterised to perform hemodynamic evaluations in awake rats: heart rate variability (HRV), baroreflex sensitivity, cardiopulmonary reflex and hemodynamic responses to vagal and sympathetic pharmacological blockade. Rats exposed to Pb exhibited a higher blood pressure and reduced HRV in the time domain when compared to the saline-injected group. Spectral analysis of the HRV in the frequency-domain showed an augmented low-frequency component of the spectrum. Methylatropine and atenolol administration suggest increased sympathetic tone and reduced vagal tone on the control of heart rate. Chronic Pb exposure decreased the sensitivity of the baroreflex without significantly changing the cardiopulmonary reflex. This study demonstrated for the first time in an animal model of a controlled, low-dose chronic lead exposure that cardiovascular changes, such as arterial hypertension, are accompanied by impaired autonomic control of the cardiovascular system, as characterised by reduced baroreflex sensitivity and a sympathovagal imbalance.

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“…Industrial and mining activities release substantial amounts of lead and lead compounds into the air and soil, which gives rise to the increase of whole blood lead concentration in the human body [1]. Permanent neurological damage may occur at blood lead levels > 10 μg/dl, especially in children because of its continued use in paint and plastics such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and toys [2]. Adults may excrete the majority of lead within several weeks after an acute exposure but children tend to retain more lead for a longer period of time [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, potassium iodide and chlorophyll on lead accumulation in male mice

Xie

Zhou

2017

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Objectives: Lead (Pb) pollution is a serious public health problem all over the world, it especially plays severe damage role in children's health. Apart from reducing lead-induced damages, the decrease of lead accumulation is also critical. This study has been the first attempt to investigate effects of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), potassium iodide (KI) and chlorophyll (Chl) on lead accumulation in male mice. Material and Methods: Eighty healthy Kunming male mice were selected and divided randomly into 8 groups. They were treated with lead acetate (PbAc) intraperitoneally, individually and in combination with the DMSA, KI or Chl once daily for 5 days. Meanwhile, the control group was treated with normal saline during the whole exposure period. On 30th day, mice were sacrificed and lead concentrations were detected in the whole blood, livers, kidneys, and testicles of mice by means of the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: In comparison with the control group, lead concentrations increased in mice treated with the PbAc and DMSA, KI and Chl diminished lead accumulation in the whole blood, livers, and kidneys. Chl had specifically the same effects on lead concentrations in the testicles of male mice. Conclusions: Potassium iodide and Chl, as food additives, had the same effects as the DMSA to reduce lead accumulation in male mice effectively. Our results provided experimental evidence in vivo for the preventive measures of lead poisoning. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(1):87-93

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Analytical evidence of heterogeneous lead accumulation in the hypothalamic defence area and nucleus tractus solitarius

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Influence of iron on modulation of the antioxidant system in rat brains exposed to lead

Influence of iron on modulation of the antioxidant system in rat brains exposed to lead

Low-level Chronic Lead Exposure Impairs Neural Control of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Rats

Effects of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, potassium iodide and chlorophyll on lead accumulation in male mice

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