Analytical evaluation of nine serological assays for diagnosis of syphilis

Malm, Kerstin; Andersson, Sören; Fredlund, Hans; Norrgren, Hans; Biague, Antonio; Månsson, Fredrik; Ballard, Ronald C.; Unemo, Magnus

doi:10.1111/jdv.13237

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The Syphilis Ultrarapid Test Strip (ABON, Alere) has 20-minute turnaround time. It is a chromatographic treponemal antibody immunoassay and the sensitivity of similar treponemal tests has been documented at 96–100% compared to a gold standard of TPPA [17]. Nontreponemal testing was not performed to help distinguish active from prior syphilis infection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Seroprevalence in Pregnant Women and Blood Donors in Cameroon

Dionne-Odom

Mbah

Rembert

et al. 2016

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Objectives. We estimated seroprevalence and correlates of selected infections in pregnant women and blood donors in a resource-limited setting. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of laboratory seroprevalence data from pregnant women and voluntary blood donors from facilities in Cameroon in 2014. Rapid tests were performed to detect hepatitis B surface antigen, syphilis treponemal antibodies, and HIV-1/2 antibodies. Blood donations were also tested for hepatitis C and malaria. Results. The seroprevalence rates and ranges among 7069 pregnant women were hepatitis B 4.4% (1.1–9.6%), HIV 6% (3.0–10.2%), and syphilis 1.7% (1.3–3.8%) with significant variability among the sites. Correlates of infection in pregnancy in adjusted regression models included urban residence for hepatitis B (aOR 2.9, CI 1.6–5.4) and HIV (aOR 3.5, CI 1.9–6.7). Blood donor seroprevalence rates and ranges were hepatitis B 6.8% (5.0–8.8%), HIV 2.2% (1.4–2.8%), syphilis 4% (3.3–4.5%), malaria 1.9%, and hepatitis C 1.7% (0.5–2.5%). Conclusions. Hepatitis B, HIV, and syphilis infections are common among pregnant women and blood donors in Cameroon with higher rates in urban areas. Future interventions to reduce vertical transmission should include universal screening for these infections early in pregnancy and provision of effective prevention tools including the birth dose of univalent hepatitis B vaccine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Seroprevalence in Pregnant Women and Blood Donors in Cameroon

Dionne-Odom

Mbah

Rembert

et al. 2016

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

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“…It has been reported that the classical reverse algorithm and two European Union algorithms evaluating EIA (enzyme immunoassay) or CLIA (chemiluminescence assay) could predict confirmatory TPPA results [14], but the TTPA titer was not tested. The reverse sequence screening algorithms on nine serological assays for diagnosis of syphilis also indicate an initial treponemal immunoassay screening subsequently followed by a second TrepSure test or TP-PA assay [15]. These algorithms suggested that multi-assay-based diagnosis of syphilis is labor-intensive and costless.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TPPA titer as a new adaptation for early diagnosis of congenital syphilis: a retrospective analysis of observation over three years in Yunnan, China

Wang

et al. 2019

Eur J Med Res

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BackgroundEarly diagnosis of congenital syphilis (CS) is difficult. This study aimed to determine the serological response discipline of syphilis passive antibody (SPA) in infants born to mothers with syphilis and provide the basis for the early diagnosis of CS.MethodsThirty-three infants born to mothers with syphilis and six infants with CS were recruited. The toluidine red unheated serum test (TRUST) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) titers were followed up after birth.ResultsThe results showed that serological response in the serum of infants with the TPPA titer decreased threefold at 3rd month, or the titer dropped to a minimum of 1:40 at 9th month was SPA. The TPPA titer of 6 CS cases remained positive after 3-year follow-up, and the titer did not decline after treatment and maintained longer. The infants with TRUST titer ≥ 1:4 at birth were prone to become syphilis serofast, while TRUST titer < 1:4 turned to negative quickly.ConclusionIn infants with SPA, the TRUST converted negative earlier than the TPPA. The lower the TPPA initial titer was, the shorter the seroreversion time required. The TPPA titer can be used to predict CS in infants born to mothers with syphilis.

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“…Treponemal evaluation tests, used in reverse algorithm, are automated immunoassays and the microplate enzyme immunoassays are suitable for first screening, whilst the TPPA particle agglutination is more adaptive to be used as a second, confirmatory treponemal assay (23).…”

Section: Traditional Diagnostic Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Tests for Acquired Syphilis in Immuno-competent Patients

Golušin

Jovanović

Matić

et al. 2016

Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology

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Serological tests represent a valuable tool for the diagnosis and monitoring the syphilis treatment. Non-treponemal antibodies are nonspecific to detect the infection, but antibody titers are used to monitor the effects of syphilis treatment. A definitive diagnosis of syphilis is made using treponemal tests, because they detect specific antibodies to the treponemal strains or treponemal fragments, which cause syphilis. These tests may remain reactive for years, sometimes for life, regardless of the therapy outcome. Even after successful treatment, approximately 85% of patients remain positive for treponemal antibodies for the rest of their lives. However, treponemal tests cannot differentiate past infections from a current infection. Therefore, we use a combination of specific and non-specific tests, the two most frequently used diagnostic algorithms. The traditional algorithm begins with a non-treponemal assay, and if it is positive, the treponemal test is done. A positive treponemal test indicates syphilis. The reverse serology algorithm detects early, primary, and treated syphilis that may be missed with traditional screening. However, non-treponemal test is necessary to detect patients with active syphilis.

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Analytical evaluation of nine serological assays for diagnosis of syphilis

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Seroprevalence in Pregnant Women and Blood Donors in Cameroon

Hepatitis B, HIV, and Syphilis Seroprevalence in Pregnant Women and Blood Donors in Cameroon

TPPA titer as a new adaptation for early diagnosis of congenital syphilis: a retrospective analysis of observation over three years in Yunnan, China

Serological Tests for Acquired Syphilis in Immuno-competent Patients

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