To study the energy spectrum response of a CsI(Tl) detector, we fabricated a new scintillation detector by coupling a CsI (Tl) crystal with an avalanche photodiode (APD) . Then, we designed a new low-noise readout circuit for the detector. Finally, we analyzed the effects of both temperature and bias voltage on the energy spectrum response and evaluated the capability to identify nuclides by connecting the detector to the readout circuit. The research showed that the noise of the readout circuit was 608e, with the noise slope being 5.71e/pF . At 20̂C, the detector achieved an excellent bias stability, the energy resolution reached an optimal value of 5.24% at a bias voltage of 370 V, thus proving a satisfactory performance. The signal-noise ratio reached 19:1 and the rise time of the output signals was 84 ns. The detector achieved an excellent energy spectrum response to 137Cs, 152Eu and 226Ra radioactive sources, demonstrating a strong capability of nuclide recognition distinguishing clearly each energy peak.