Analytical Applications of Ionic Liquids

Abstract

Analytical methods involving ionic liquids (ILs) have significantly increased in recent years, in part because of the unique solubilization and physical properties on this class of organic compounds. This article provides an overview of the different applications of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry. The presentation is divided into a section describing the properties of liquids that are of interest to analytical chemists, followed by nine sections pertaining to simple biphasic liquid‐liquid extractions, liquid‐phase microextraction methods, ionic liquid‐based solid‐phase microextractions (SPME), thin layer chromatographic (TLC) and high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods, electromigration methods, gas‐liquid chromatographic (GLC) methods, supported ionic liquid membrane separations, mass spectrometric methods, electrochemical methods, and spectroscopic methods. Representative samples of each application are given, along with specific references to the ionic liquid used and type of sample analyzed.

Ionic Liquid-Based Electrolytes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Tuning Properties To Enhance the Electrochemical Performance of Manganese-Based Layered Oxide Cathode

“…18 In this context, alongside with solid-sate or solvent-free, polymer electrolytes, 19,20 ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolytes may play a key role for an improved safety. 21,22 ILs represent an extraordinarily versatile class of materials with unique properties finding application in different fields such as food and bio-product industry 23 , catalytic organic transformation 24 , analytical separation and metal extraction 25 , and lubrication 26 , among others.…”

“…ILs represent an extraordinarily versatile class of materials with unique properties finding application in different fields such as food and bio-product industry, catalytic organic transformation, analytical separation and metal extraction, and lubrication among others. Besides, they are also seen as potential candidates for electrolytes for secondary batteries. , The research on ILs finds its primary motivation within the green chemistry philosophy.…”

A glance at achievements in the coupling of headspace and direct immersion single‐drop microextraction with chromatographic techniques

“…Apart from the solutions mentioned above to overcome the difficulty of microdrop instability, the application of ionic liquids (ILs) instead of organic solvents has frequently been reported . Recently, the application of ILs in analytical chemistry has increased due to their unique physical and chemical properties . Their low volatility and adequate viscosity permit their use as extraction media in both HS and DI mode .…”

Effects of ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride treatment on the microstructure and phase transition of cornstarch

“…Ionic liquids (ILs), which consist of an organic cation and a smaller organic or inorganic anion, are organic salts with a melting point below 100 • C. Because of their unique properties, such as high thermal stability, low vapor pressure, electrochemical stability and recyclability, these liquids are regarded as "green solvents" and are widely applied in a variety of green chemistry processes and polymer synthesis reactions (Acree and Grubbs, 2006;Mecerreyes, 2011). Recently, ionic liquids have been developed for the modification of various carbohydrates, involving cellulose, lignin, chitin, and starch (El Seoud et al, 2007;Lu et al, 2009;Zakrzewska et al, 2010).…”