Analytical Application of Membranes

Scott, K.

doi:10.1016/b978-185617233-2/50011-8

Cited by 21 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…All these techniques, however, are more expensive and cumbersome than filtration method. The filtration methods, such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration have been widely used for separating fine particles, colloids, and microbes for basic chemicals and synthetic fertilizers, environmental protection and waste water treatment, and the food industry, as well as others [19][20][21][22]. The efficiency of membrane filtration is dependent on the particle size, membrane pore size, and pressure, which are major factors affecting the solid/liquid separation because the flow resistance increases with decreasing particle and membrane pore sizes [19,[23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Environmental Nanoparticle Research and Implications: A Review

et al. 2013

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Nanoparticle research and development have brought significant breakthroughs in many areas of basic and applied sciences. However, efficiently collecting nanoparticles in large quantities in pure and natural systems is a major challenge in nanoscience. This review article has focused on experimental investigation and implications of nanoparticles in soil, clay, geological and environmental sciences. An automated ultrafiltration device (AUD) apparatus was used to demonstrate efficient collection and separation of nanoparticles in highly weathering red soils, black soils, and gouge of earthquake fault, as well as zeolite. The kaolinite, illite, goethite, and hematite were identified in highly weathering red soils. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images showed the presence of hematite nanoparticles on the surface coating of kaolinite nanoparticles and aggregated hematite nanoparticles overlapping the edge of a kaolinite flake in a size range from 4 to 7 nm. The maximum crystal violet (CV) and methylene blue (MB) adsorption amount of smectite nanoparticles (<100 nm) separated by black soils were about two to three times higher than those of bulk sample (<2000 nm). The smectite nanoparticles adsorb both CV and MB dyes efficiently and could be employed as a low-cost alternative to remove cationic dyes in wastewater treatment. Quartz grain of <50 nm was found in the gouge of fault by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and TEM observation. Separated quartz could be used as the OPEN ACCESSMicromachines 2013, 4 216 index mineral associated with earthquake fracture and the finest grain size was around 25 nm. Comparing the various particle-size fractions of zeolite showed significant differences in surface area, Si to Al molar ratio, morphology, crystallinity, framework structure, and surface atomic structure of nanoparticles from those of the bulk sample prior to particle-size fractionations. The AUD apparatus has the characteristics of automation, easy operation, and high efficiency in the separation of nanoparticles and would, thus, facilitate future nanoparticle research and developments in basic and applied sciences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Environmental Nanoparticle Research and Implications: A Review

et al. 2013

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“…The saturation of the polymer inclusion membrane with the ion carrier occurred at a membrane KP carrier concentration equal to 0.050 M (based on plasticizer volume). The rate of transport determined for that concentration of the carrier was maximal and reached 2.25 µmol/m 2 s. This phenomenon is described in [31,32] and can be explained by an increase in the viscosity of the organic membrane phase and thus an increase in the resistance of the membrane, limiting complex diffusion through the membrane [33], or by a change in the transport mechanism from diffusion to jumping, induced by carrier crystallization within the membrane [32].…”

Section: Modification Of Membrane Composition-the Effect Of the Ion Carrier Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This phenomenon is described in [31,32] and can be explained by an increase in the viscosity of the organic membrane phase and thus an increase in the resistance of the membrane, limiting complex diffusion through the membrane [33], or by a change in the transport mechanism from diffusion to jumping, induced by carrier crystallization within the membrane [32]. The saturation of the polymer inclusion membrane with the ion carrier occurred at a membrane KP carrier concentration equal to 0.050 M (based on plasticizer volume).…”

Section: Modification Of Membrane Composition-the Effect Of the Ion Carrier Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Selective Transport of Ag(I) through a Polymer Inclusion Membrane Containing a Calix[4]pyrrole Derivative from Nitrate Aqueous Solutions

Nowik-Zając

Zawierucha

Kozłowski

2020

IJMS

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Cellulose-triacetate-based polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) with different concentrations of a calixpyrrole ester derivative as the membrane carrier were studied to determine their ability to transport Ag(I) from aqueous nitrate solutions. The effects of the concentrations of ion carriers and metal ions, the pH of the source aqueous phase, and stripping agents on the effective transport of Ag(I) were assessed. All studied parameters were found to be important factors for the transport of Ag(I) metal ions. The initial fluxes were determined at different temperatures. The prepared membranes were found to be highly permeable. The selectivity of silver transport from an aqueous solution containing Ag(I), Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Co(II) ions was also investigated.

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“…Membrane Biological Reactors (MBRs) provide a fast and reliable method for water regeneration [10] [11]. They offer a sustainable, low foot-print process that can produce water with high quality while discarding the need for large secondary clarifiers and disinfection processes [12]. MBRs combine the primary wastewater treatment stage with a membrane technology to achieve their desired product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Membrane Biological Reactor for Tobacco Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Alhajar¹,

Al‐Asheh²,

Aidan³

2023

World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering

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As technologies develop and populations grow, the demand for water sources increases. To keep up with such demand, innovative methods for water regeneration need to be explored. Amongst these methods is the utilization of Membrane Biological Reactors (MBRs) for wastewater treatment. MBRs combine conventional wastewater treatment technologies with a membrane, which enhances the purity of the effluent and eliminates the need for advanced treatment methods. By utilizing microfiltration or ultrafiltration, MBRs can achieve around 90% removal levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD). This work discusses membranes and factors that affect their performance. It also introduces MBRs, their significance, and the potential they offer for wastewater treatment. The study will be conducted experimentally on a lab-scale MBR to treat wastewater produced from molasses manufacturing exploring and optimizing MBRs operating parameters including influent pH, sludge concentration, and temperature. The study revealed that MBRs can effectively remove 80-90% of COD content in wastewater produced by the tobacco industry while operating at a pH of 6 -8 with an HRT of 1 day. Additionally, they are highly desirable in treating tobacco wastewater at temperatures ranging between 20 to 40 o C.

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Analytical Application of Membranes

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Environmental Nanoparticle Research and Implications: A Review

Automated Ultrafiltration Device for Environmental Nanoparticle Research and Implications: A Review

Selective Transport of Ag(I) through a Polymer Inclusion Membrane Containing a Calix[4]pyrrole Derivative from Nitrate Aqueous Solutions

Performance of Membrane Biological Reactor for Tobacco Industrial Wastewater Treatment

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