“…The angles (ϕ = 45 • , ϑ) for a given target wavelength result from the combination of two 2D GC's design parameters: a non-zero waveguide-to-grating shear angle α [17], [18], [21], [27]- [29] and a grating period Λ. In our previous work [30], we derived a system of equations, giving the relationship between the coupling angles (ϕ, ϑ) and the grating parameters (α, Λ). To estimate the polarization state of a given out-coupled field, originating from any 2D GC arms, we perform the following procedure.…”
Section: A Methods For the Estimation Of Polarization Angles And Non-...mentioning
Silicon photonic two-dimensional grating couplers for C-and O-band dual-polarization coherent transceivers are analyzed with respect to their polarization splitting/combining performance. Due to scattered light in the grating's plane, a linear cross-polarization results. The latter is responsible for a limited polarization split ratio and a polarizations' non-orthogonality. The impact of these two quantities is evaluated by system-level simulations with regard to OSNR penalties in coherent systems. For both C-and O-band, a design modification for reduced penalties is proposed.
“…The angles (ϕ = 45 • , ϑ) for a given target wavelength result from the combination of two 2D GC's design parameters: a non-zero waveguide-to-grating shear angle α [17], [18], [21], [27]- [29] and a grating period Λ. In our previous work [30], we derived a system of equations, giving the relationship between the coupling angles (ϕ, ϑ) and the grating parameters (α, Λ). To estimate the polarization state of a given out-coupled field, originating from any 2D GC arms, we perform the following procedure.…”
Section: A Methods For the Estimation Of Polarization Angles And Non-...mentioning
Silicon photonic two-dimensional grating couplers for C-and O-band dual-polarization coherent transceivers are analyzed with respect to their polarization splitting/combining performance. Due to scattered light in the grating's plane, a linear cross-polarization results. The latter is responsible for a limited polarization split ratio and a polarizations' non-orthogonality. The impact of these two quantities is evaluated by system-level simulations with regard to OSNR penalties in coherent systems. For both C-and O-band, a design modification for reduced penalties is proposed.
“…• Rib waveguides: 220 nm Si on 2 μm SiO 2 with a slab width of 2 μm and slab etch depth equal to the grating etch depth. The waveguides are tilted with respect to the grating plane by a waveguide-to-grating shear angle [21][22][23] of 2°. • Grating: etch depth of 120 nm, grating period of 480 nm, circular perturbing elements with a diameter of 280 nm.…”
Section: Optimization Of Two-dimensional Grating Couplers In 025 μM P...mentioning
Coherent techniques for short reach intra-datacenter optical interconnects are currently intensely discussed. This article reports progress on previous work that analyzed the benefits of switching from C- to O-band optics with regard to digital signal processing. Here we study the feasibility of adapting a coherent approach to an established datacenter interconnect technology (PSM4). This PSM4-like implementation brings about the benefit of much improved resilience to laser drift, thus reducing or eliminating the need for a temperature stabilized laser, which is typically assumed a requirement for coherent transceivers. The analysis rests on simulation parameters derived in part from previous experimental realizations of coherent receivers in SiGe photonic BiCMOS technology. In addition, we make use of recent results regarding the optimization of O-band 2D grating couplers with respect to efficiency and low polarization dependence over a 20nm wavelength window. We identify such couplers as enabling building blocks for coherent PSM4-like implementations.
“…The shear angle is realized by tilting the waveguides with respect to the grating plane. The combination of shear angle and grating period results in a different coupling angle ϑ at the symmetry plane, as we have explained previously [28]. For the current design, a waveguide-to-grating shear angle of 2° and a grating period of 593 nm are chosen.…”
Section: C-band A-si:h 2d Gcs At the Metal2 Levelmentioning
In this paper, we report on polarization combining two-dimensional grating couplers (2D GCs) on amorphous Si:H, fabricated in the backend of line of a photonic BiCMOS platform. The 2D GCs can be used as an interface of a hybrid silicon photonic coherent transmitter, which can be implemented on bulk Si wafers. The fabricated 2D GCs operate in the telecom C-band and show an experimental coupling efficiency of − 5 dB with a wafer variation of ± 1.2 dB. Possibilities for efficiency enhancement and improved performance stability in future design generations are outlined and extension toward O-band devices is also investigated.
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