Analytic optical eye diagram evaluation for a system of highly mode-coupled PMD/PDL fiber and lumped sections

Abstract

We give an analytical expression to evaluate the optical eye diagram due to polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), polarization-dependent loss (PDL), and chromatic dispersion (CD) for a system of highly mode coupled fiber with lumped section at any given optical pulse sequence. We found that with considering PDL and the polarization direction correlation between PMD and PDL, a system with highly mode coupled fiber and lumped section can have either higher or lower Q-factor than a highly mode coupled system with same root mean square PDL/PMD values. Also we noticed that a system of two highly mode coupled fibers connected together is not equivalent to a system of highly mode coupled fiber when fluctuation is considered.