Analysis on the dynamic evolution of the equilibrium point of “carbon emission penetration” for energy-intensive industries in China: based on a factor-driven perspective

Abstract

In order to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, energy-intensive industries in China, as the main sectors of energy consumption and carbon emissions, had huge pressure to reduce emissions. In addition, the reduction of vegetation area led to a decline in carbon sink capacity, which further exacerbated the imbalance of mutual penetration between carbon source and carbon sink. Therefore, this article considered the role of carbon source and carbon sink and defined and calculated the “carbon emission penetration” (CEP) of the six energy-intensive industries from 2001 to 2020. The KAYA formula and the LMDI method were used to decompose the driving factors of CEP in the three aspects of scale, intensity, and structure. The combined model of STIRPAT and the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) was used to simulate and analyze the equilibrium points of energy-intensive industries in China from the perspective of factor driving. The analysis results indicated that there were differences in the fluctuation trend of CEP in the six energy-intensive industries, which can be divided into three types: “two-stage growth,” “steady growth,” and “single peak.” Secondly, the driving factors from the three aspects of scale, intensity, and structure—emission intensity (CE), energy consumption intensity (EI), industrial structure (IS), economic scale (GP), and carbon sequestration scale (PCA)—had differences in industry and time dimensions. And the realization time of the CEP equilibrium points of six industries showed a three-level gradient feature significantly. This can provide some reference for the low-carbon transformation of six energy-intensive industries and optimization of China’s environmental management under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Graphical abstract

The allocation of carbon resources in marine capture fisheries

“…When the shadow prices are the same, i.e., the marginal factor costs of carbon resource factors remain the same, it means that the factors in each industry are in a steady state and there is no formation of underground markets or factor shifts. Further analyzing the results, this turns out to be a stable equilibrium point for carbon resource factors [49], i.e., there will be no inflow of resources due to high profitability of carbon factors in a particular industry, and there will be no outflow of carbon resources due to low profitability of carbon resource factors in a particular industry. This stabilization point is considered to be short-term stabilization [50].…”

The drag effects of energy-water constraints on China’s economic growth under carbon mitigation goals

“…China has adopted an extensive development mode for a long time, which features high energy and water use (Song et al, 2011). The carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals put forward then will cause a major blow to the energy-intensive and water-intensive industries (Liu and Wei, 2022), thereby affecting the whole national economic development. However, the protection of the environment cannot be at the cost of excessive economic losses (Peng et al, 2020).…”

Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing mechanisms of carbon pressure at the county scale: a case study of central-south Liaoning urban agglomeration, China

“…carbon zone', displays a consistent increase throughout the research period, rising from 4 in 2002 to 8 in 2009, and reaching 12 in 2017. In contrast, the number of counties with carbon pressure less than 1, denoted as the 'carbon sink surplus zone', decreased from 24 in 2002 to 17 in 2009 and 13 in 2017(Liu et al 2023). The Tiexi district in Shenyang city suffers the highest carbon pressure, while the Changhai County of Dalian…”