Analysis on Changes of Basic Climatic Elements and Extreme Events in Xinjiang, China during 1961-2010

Yuanan, Jiang; Chen, Ying; Zhao, Yang; Chen, Peng-Xiang; Yu, Xing-Jie; Fan, Jing; Shan, Bai

doi:10.3724/sp.j.1248.2013.00020

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The change-point detection method identifies a significant shift in the mean state of lower tropospheric (500–925 hPa) temperature over AECA around 1997 ( p < 0.01), with particularly pronounced warming over the Tien Shan mountain ranges. This is consistent with meteorological station observations, which indicate that temperatures over the Tien Shan have risen at a rate 2~3 times faster than the global average 8 , 20 . The water vapor saturation threshold in the atmosphere increases with temperature.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Regional disparities in warm season rainfall changes over arid eastern–central Asia

Dong

Wang

Wright

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Multiple studies have reported a shift in the trend of warm season rainfall over arid eastern–central Asia (AECA) around the turn of the new century, from increasing over the second half of the twentieth century to decreasing during the early years of the twenty-first. Here, a closer look based on multiple precipitation datasets reveals important regional disparities in these changes. Warm-season rainfall increased over both basin areas and mountain ranges during 1961–1998 due to enhanced moisture flux convergence associated with changes in the large-scale circulation and increases in atmospheric moisture content. Despite a significant decrease in warm-season precipitation over the high mountain ranges after the year 1998, warm season rainfall has remained large over low-lying basin areas. This discrepancy, which is also reflected in changes in river flow, soil moisture, and vegetation, primarily results from disparate responses to enhanced warming in the mountain and basin areas of AECA. In addition to changes in the prevailing circulation and moisture transport patterns, the decrease in precipitation over the mountains has occurred mainly because increases in local water vapor saturation capacity (which scales with temperature) have outpaced the available moisture supply, reducing relative humidity and suppressing precipitation. By contrast, rainfall over basin areas has been maintained by accelerated moisture recycling driven by rapid glacier retreat, snow melt, and irrigation expansion. This trend is unsustainable and is likely to reverse as these cryospheric buffers disappear, with potentially catastrophic implications for local agriculture and ecology.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…5 ). This increase corresponds to reductions in glacier mass and snow cover due to rapid warming over the Tien Shan 17 , 20 . In the absence of other factors, accelerated melting should translate into larger river discharge; however, river runoff has decreased significantly over the past ~15 years (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Regional disparities in warm season rainfall changes over arid eastern–central Asia

Dong

Wang

Wright

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Previous studies showed that nearly all regions have experienced a warming trend, and that the average global temperature has increased 0.7 °C over the past hundred years 13 . This warming trend is especially obvious in the Tienshan Mountains 14 , where the average annual warming rate over the past half-century has been 0.34 °C/10a 15 . This is significantly higher than both the average global warming rate and that of the Northern Hemisphere during the same period.…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in Central Asia’s Water Tower: Past, Present and Future

Chen

Deng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

236

172

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The Tienshan Mountains, with its status as “water tower”, is the main water source and ecological barrier in Central Asia. The rapid warming affected precipitation amounts and fraction as well as the original glacier/snowmelt water processes, thereby affecting the runoff and water storage. The ratio of snowfall to precipitation (S/P) experienced a downward trend, along with a shift from snow to rain. Spatially, the snow cover area in Middle Tienshan Mountains decreased significantly, while that in West Tienshan Mountains increased slightly. Approximately 97.52% of glaciers in the Tienshan Mountains showed a retreating trend, which was especially obvious in the North and East Tienshan Mountains. River runoff responds in a complex way to changes in climate and cryosphere. It appears that catchments with a higher fraction of glacierized area showed mainly increasing runoff trends, while river basins with less or no glacierization exhibited large variations in the observed runoff changes. The total water storage in the Tienshan Mountains also experienced a significant decreasing trend in Middle and East Tienshan Mountains, but a slight decreasing trend in West Tienshan Mountains, totally at an average rate of −3.72 mm/a. In future, water storage levels are expected to show deficits for the next half-century.

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“…Among the four areas suffering serious PM 2.5 pollution, also recognized in section 3.2.1 in this paper, the change of PM 2.5 in Taklimakan Desert was closely related to the regional atmospheric circulation and local sand-dust weather. Observations from 88 monitoring stations in Xinjiang from 2000 to 2011 show that the Taklimakan Desert and its southern edge were sand-dust weather frequently observed area with sand-dust days 2.7 times more in Southern Xinjiang than in the Northern (Jiang et al, 2013); therefore, PM 2.5 concentrations showed spatial coupling characteristics that were higher in Southern Xinjiang than in the Northern. The overall increase in vegetation coverage and change in rainfall in Xinjiang also affected the change in PM 2.5 in the Taklimakan Desert to a certain degree.…”

Section: Natural Factors Affecting Pm 25 Spatio-temporal Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal evolution and the influencing factors of PM2.5 in China between 2000 and 2015

et al. 2019

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High concentrations of PM 2.5 are universally considered as a main cause for haze formation. Therefore, it is important to identify the spatial heterogeneity and influencing factors of PM 2.5 concentrations for regional air quality control and management. In this study, PM 2.5 data from 2000 to 2015 was determined from an inversion of NASA atmospheric remote sensing images. Using geo-statistics, geographic detectors, and geo-spatial analysis methods, the spatio-temporal evolution patterns and driving factors of PM 2.5 concentration in China were evaluated. The main results are as follows. (1) In general, the average concentration of PM 2.5 in China increased quickly and reached its peak value in 2006; subsequently, concentrations remained between 21.84 and 35.08 μg/m 3. (2) PM 2.5 is strikingly heterogeneous in China, with higher concentrations in the north and east than in the south and west. In particular, areas with relatively high PM 2.5 concentrations are primarily in four regions, the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Lower Yangtze River Delta Plain, Sichuan Basin, and Taklimakan Desert. Among them, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region has the highest concentration of PM 2.5. (3) The center of gravity of PM 2.5 has generally moved northeastward, which indicates an increasingly serious haze in eastern China. High-value PM 2.5 concentrations have moved eastward, while low-value PM 2.5 has moved westward. (4) Spatial autocorrelation analysis indicates a significantly positive spatial correlation. The "High-High" PM 2.5 agglomeration areas are distributed in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Fenhe-Weihe River Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Jianghan Plain regions. The "Low-Low" PM 2.5 agglomeration areas include Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang, north of the Great Wall, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and Taiwan, Hainan, and Fujian and other southeast coastal cities and islands. (5) Geographic detection analysis indicates that both natural and anthropogenic factors account for spatial variations in PM 2.5 concentration. Geographical location, population density, automobile quantity, industrial discharge, and straw burning are the main driving forces of PM 2.5 concentration in China.

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Analysis on Changes of Basic Climatic Elements and Extreme Events in Xinjiang, China during 1961-2010

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Regional disparities in warm season rainfall changes over arid eastern–central Asia

Regional disparities in warm season rainfall changes over arid eastern–central Asia

Changes in Central Asia’s Water Tower: Past, Present and Future

Spatio-temporal evolution and the influencing factors of PM2.5 in China between 2000 and 2015

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