“…Stefanini et al [32] in a Vino Santo study, found that fungal species composition undergoes a dynamic change with a declining tendency overtime, and that small changes in fermentation procedures may result in significant differences in microbial communities. As advocates to these findings come older studies that have demonstrated that aerobic yeasts are the first to decrease in abundance, and that the mid fermentation yeast genera, such as Hanseniaspora, Candida, Metschnikowia and Torulaspora, cannot be not recovered on plates at high ethanol concentration in presence of Saccharomyces [59,60]. Interestingly, S. cerevisiae, found in very low abundance at the beginning of the fermentation, manages to rise in dominance at the end of the it.…”