Analysis of water vapor LIDAR measurements during the MAP campaign: evidence of sub-structures of stratospheric intrusions

D'Aulerio, P.; Fierli, F.; Congeduti, F.; Redaelli, G.

doi:10.5194/acp-5-1301-2005

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Both models locate reasonably well, both spatially and temporally, the PV gradients associated with the stratospheric intrusion episode, but this is better defined by MM5. However, values of PV inside the dry-air tongue for both models (not exceeding 2 3 10 26 and 1.5 3 10 26 m 2 s 21 K kg 21 for MM5 and ECMWF, respectively) are found to be slightly lower than those usually found in intruded stratospheric air (D'Aulerio et al 2004).…”

Section: ) Potential Vorticitymentioning

confidence: 49%

“…In this study, we illustrate and discuss the measurements carried out by a rotational-vibrational Raman lidar system to characterize a stratospheric air intrusion event on its way down to the lower troposphere. Water vapor lidar measurements during stratospheric intrusions and tropopause fold events have been reported by Hoinka et al (2003), D'Aulerio et al (2004, Flentje et al (2005), and Di Girolamo et al (2008). However, the present paper represents, to our knowledge, the first reported measurements of these phenomena based on the application of a lidar system with both water vapor and temperature measurement capabilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

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Multiparameter Raman Lidar Measurements for the Characterization of a Dry Stratospheric Intrusion Event

Girolamo

Summa

Ferretti

2009

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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The UV Raman lidar system (BASIL), operational at University of Basilicata (Potenza-Italy) and capable to perform high-resolution and accurate measurements of atmospheric temperature and water vapour based on the application of the rotational and vibrational Raman lidar techniques in the UV, was recently involved in the LAUNCH 2005 experiment (International Lindenberg campaign for assessment of humidity and cloud profiling systems and its impact on high-resolution modelling) held from 12 September to 31 October 2005. A thorough description of technical characteristics, measurements capabilities and performances of BASIL is given in the paper. Measurements were continuously run between 1 and 3 October 2005, covering a dry stratospheric intrusion episode associated with a tropopause folding event. The measurements in this paper represent the first simultaneous Raman Lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature and water vapour mixing ratio, and consequently relative humidity, reported for an extensive observation period (32 hours). The use of water vapour to trace intruded stratospheric air allows to clearly identify a dry structure (approx. 1 km thick) originated in the stratosphere and descending in the free troposphere down to ~ 3 km. A similar feature is present in the temperature field, with lower temperature values detected within the dry air tongue. Relative humidity measurements reveal values as small as 0.5-1 % within the intruded air. The stratospheric origin of the observed dry layer has been verified by the application of a Lagrangian trajectory model. The subsidence of the intruding heavy dry air may be responsible for the gravity wave activity observed beneath the dry layer. Lidar measurements have been compared with the output of both the PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) and the European Center for Medium range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) global model. Comparisons in term of water vapour reveal the capability of MM5 to reproduce the dynamical structures associated with the stratospheric intrusion episode and simulate the deep penetration into the troposphere of the dry intruded layer. Moreover, lidar measurements of potential temperature are compared with MM5 output, while potential vorticity from both ECMWF and MM5 is compared with estimates obtained combining MM5 model vorticity and lidar measurements of potential temperature

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Section: ) Potential Vorticitymentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Multiparameter Raman Lidar Measurements for the Characterization of a Dry Stratospheric Intrusion Event

Girolamo

Summa

Ferretti

2009

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology

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“…This parameterization is the default mixing length used in the AROME model over the SWIO domain. The last parameterization (DEARDORFF) is the analytical limit of BL89 in a stably stratified atmospheric limit, which corresponds to the results of Deardorff (1980). It was implemented to study the model behavior in numerical tests.…”

Section: Turbulent Mixing Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of turbulent scheme in the FLEXPART-AROME v1.2.1 Lagrangian particle dispersion model

2019

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Abstract. The FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model FLEXPART, first released in 1998, is a Lagrangian particle dispersion model developed to simulate atmospheric transport over large and mesoscale distances. Due to FLEXPART's success and its open source nature, different limited area model versions of FLEXPART were released making it possible to run FLEXPART simulations by ingesting WRF (Weather Research Forecasting model), COSMO (Consortium for Small-scale Modeling) or MM5 (mesoscale community model maintained by Penn State university) meteorological fields on top of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) and GFS (Global Forecast System) meteorological fields. Here, we present a new FLEXPART limited area model that is compatible with the AROME mesoscale meteorological forecast model (the Applications of Research to Operations at Mesoscale model).1 FLEXPART-AROME was originally developed to study mesoscale transport around La Réunion, a small volcanic island in the southwest Indian Ocean with a complex orographic structure, which is not well represented in current global operational models. We present new turbulent modes in FLEXPART-AROME. They differ from each other by dimensionality, mixing length parameterization, turbulent transport constraint interpretation and time step configuration. A novel time step was introduced in FLEXPART-AROME. Performances of new turbulent modes are compared to the ones in FLEXPART-WRF by testing the conservation of well-mixedness by turbulence, the dispersion of a point release at the surface and the marine boundary layer evolution around Réunion. The novel time step configuration proved necessary to conserve the well-mixedness in the new turbulent modes. An adaptive vertical turbulence time step was implemented, allowing the model to adapt on a finer timescale when significant changes in the local turbulent state of the atmosphere occur.

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“…In the lower troposphere, water vapor acts as a resource for precipitation, providing latent heating and diabatic heating to weather systems [4]. In the free troposphere, anomalously dry layers can be interpreted as small-scale features of stratospheric intrusions [5,6]. For these reasons, water vapor is an Essential Climate Variable (ECV) of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) program [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Since 1999 (15 min from 1995 to 1998). 5 Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer. 6 Atmospheric Infra-Red Sounder.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Tropospheric Water Vapor Variability and Decadal Trends at Two Supersites of CO-PDD (Cézeaux and Puy de Dôme) in Central France

et al. 2018

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We present an analysis of decadal in situ and remote sensing observations of water vapor over the Cézeaux and puy de Dôme, located in central France (45° N, 3° E), in order to document the variability, cycles and trends of surface and tropospheric water vapor at different time scales and the geophysical processes responsible for the water vapor distributions. We use meteorological stations, GPS (Global Positioning System), and lidar datasets, supplemented with three remote sources of water vapor (COSMIC-radio-occultation, ERA-interim-ECMWF numerical model, and AIRS-satellite). The annual cycle of water vapor is clearly established for the two sites of different altitudes and for all types of measurement. Cezeaux and puy de Dôme present almost no diurnal cycle, suggesting that the variability of surface water vapor at this site is more influenced by a sporadic meteorological system than by regular diurnal variations. The lidar dataset shows a greater monthly variability of the vertical distribution than the COSMIC and AIRS satellite products. The Cézeaux site presents a positive trend for the GPS water vapor total column (0.42 ± 0.45 g·kg−1/decade during 2006–2017) and a significant negative trend for the surface water vapor mixing ratio (−0.16 ± 0.09 mm/decade during 2002–2017). The multi-linear regression analysis shows that continental forcings (East Atlantic Pattern and East Atlantic-West Russia Pattern) have a greater influence than oceanic forcing (North Atlantic Oscillation) on the water vapor variations.

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Analysis of water vapor LIDAR measurements during the MAP campaign: evidence of sub-structures of stratospheric intrusions

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Multiparameter Raman Lidar Measurements for the Characterization of a Dry Stratospheric Intrusion Event

Multiparameter Raman Lidar Measurements for the Characterization of a Dry Stratospheric Intrusion Event

Development of turbulent scheme in the FLEXPART-AROME v1.2.1 Lagrangian particle dispersion model

Surface and Tropospheric Water Vapor Variability and Decadal Trends at Two Supersites of CO-PDD (Cézeaux and Puy de Dôme) in Central France

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